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Evaluating and optimizing the operation of the hydropower system in the Upper Yellow River: A general LINGO-based integrated framework

The hydropower system in the Upper Yellow River (UYR), one of the largest hydropower bases in China, plays a vital role in the energy structure of the Qinghai Power Grid. Due to management difficulties, there is still considerable room for improvement in the joint operation of this system. This pape...

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Published in:PloS one 2018-01, Vol.13 (1), p.e0191483-e0191483
Main Authors: Si, Yuan, Li, Xiang, Yin, Dongqin, Liu, Ronghua, Wei, Jiahua, Huang, Yuefei, Li, Tiejian, Liu, Jiahong, Gu, Shenglong, Wang, Guangqian
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creator Si, Yuan
Li, Xiang
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description The hydropower system in the Upper Yellow River (UYR), one of the largest hydropower bases in China, plays a vital role in the energy structure of the Qinghai Power Grid. Due to management difficulties, there is still considerable room for improvement in the joint operation of this system. This paper presents a general LINGO-based integrated framework to study the operation of the UYR hydropower system. The framework is easy to use for operators with little experience in mathematical modeling, takes full advantage of LINGO's capabilities (such as its solving capacity and multi-threading ability), and packs its three layers (the user layer, the coordination layer, and the base layer) together into an integrated solution that is robust and efficient and represents an effective tool for data/scenario management and analysis. The framework is general and can be easily transferred to other hydropower systems with minimal effort, and it can be extended as the base layer is enriched. The multi-objective model that represents the trade-off between power quantity (i.e., maximum energy production) and power reliability (i.e., firm output) of hydropower operation has been formulated. With equivalent transformations, the optimization problem can be solved by the nonlinear programming (NLP) solvers embedded in the LINGO software, such as the General Solver, the Multi-start Solver, and the Global Solver. Both simulation and optimization are performed to verify the model's accuracy and to evaluate the operation of the UYR hydropower system. A total of 13 hydropower plants currently in operation are involved, including two pivotal storage reservoirs on the Yellow River, which are the Longyangxia Reservoir and the Liujiaxia Reservoir. Historical hydrological data from multiple years (2000-2010) are provided as input to the model for analysis. The results are as follows. 1) Assuming that the reservoirs are all in operation (in fact, some reservoirs were not operational or did not collect all of the relevant data during the study period), the energy production is estimated as 267.7, 357.5, and 358.3×108 KWh for the Qinghai Power Grid during dry, normal, and wet years, respectively. 2) Assuming that the hydropower system is operated jointly, the firm output can reach 3110 MW (reliability of 100%) and 3510 MW (reliability of 90%). Moreover, a decrease in energy production from the Longyangxia Reservoir can bring about a very large increase in firm output from the hydropower sy
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Due to management difficulties, there is still considerable room for improvement in the joint operation of this system. This paper presents a general LINGO-based integrated framework to study the operation of the UYR hydropower system. The framework is easy to use for operators with little experience in mathematical modeling, takes full advantage of LINGO's capabilities (such as its solving capacity and multi-threading ability), and packs its three layers (the user layer, the coordination layer, and the base layer) together into an integrated solution that is robust and efficient and represents an effective tool for data/scenario management and analysis. The framework is general and can be easily transferred to other hydropower systems with minimal effort, and it can be extended as the base layer is enriched. The multi-objective model that represents the trade-off between power quantity (i.e., maximum energy production) and power reliability (i.e., firm output) of hydropower operation has been formulated. With equivalent transformations, the optimization problem can be solved by the nonlinear programming (NLP) solvers embedded in the LINGO software, such as the General Solver, the Multi-start Solver, and the Global Solver. Both simulation and optimization are performed to verify the model's accuracy and to evaluate the operation of the UYR hydropower system. A total of 13 hydropower plants currently in operation are involved, including two pivotal storage reservoirs on the Yellow River, which are the Longyangxia Reservoir and the Liujiaxia Reservoir. Historical hydrological data from multiple years (2000-2010) are provided as input to the model for analysis. The results are as follows. 1) Assuming that the reservoirs are all in operation (in fact, some reservoirs were not operational or did not collect all of the relevant data during the study period), the energy production is estimated as 267.7, 357.5, and 358.3×108 KWh for the Qinghai Power Grid during dry, normal, and wet years, respectively. 2) Assuming that the hydropower system is operated jointly, the firm output can reach 3110 MW (reliability of 100%) and 3510 MW (reliability of 90%). Moreover, a decrease in energy production from the Longyangxia Reservoir can bring about a very large increase in firm output from the hydropower system. 3) The maximum energy production can reach 297.7, 363.9, and 411.4×108 KWh during dry, normal, and wet years, respectively. The trade-off curve between maximum energy production and firm output is also provided for reference.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191483</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29370206</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Biology and Life Sciences ; China ; Computer and Information Sciences ; Computer simulation ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Decision making ; Earth Sciences ; Ecology ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Electric power grids ; Electricity distribution ; Energy ; Engineering ; Hydroelectric plants ; Hydroelectric power ; Hydrologic cycle ; Hydrologic data ; Hydrology ; Laboratories ; Linear programming ; Mathematical models ; Mathematical programming ; Methods ; Model accuracy ; Models, Theoretical ; Multiple objective analysis ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Nonlinear programming ; Operators (mathematics) ; Optimization ; Physical Sciences ; Power Plants - organization &amp; administration ; Power Plants - statistics &amp; numerical data ; Power supply ; Regulation ; Reliability ; Renewable Energy ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Reservoirs ; Rivers ; Robustness (mathematics) ; Simulation ; Software ; Solvers ; Storage reservoirs ; Tradeoffs ; Water shortages</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2018-01, Vol.13 (1), p.e0191483-e0191483</ispartof><rights>2018 Si et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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The multi-objective model that represents the trade-off between power quantity (i.e., maximum energy production) and power reliability (i.e., firm output) of hydropower operation has been formulated. With equivalent transformations, the optimization problem can be solved by the nonlinear programming (NLP) solvers embedded in the LINGO software, such as the General Solver, the Multi-start Solver, and the Global Solver. Both simulation and optimization are performed to verify the model's accuracy and to evaluate the operation of the UYR hydropower system. A total of 13 hydropower plants currently in operation are involved, including two pivotal storage reservoirs on the Yellow River, which are the Longyangxia Reservoir and the Liujiaxia Reservoir. Historical hydrological data from multiple years (2000-2010) are provided as input to the model for analysis. 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The trade-off curve between maximum energy production and firm output is also provided for reference.</description><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>Computer simulation</subject><subject>Data Interpretation, Statistical</subject><subject>Decision making</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Electric power grids</subject><subject>Electricity distribution</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Hydroelectric plants</subject><subject>Hydroelectric power</subject><subject>Hydrologic cycle</subject><subject>Hydrologic data</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Linear programming</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Mathematical programming</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Model accuracy</subject><subject>Models, Theoretical</subject><subject>Multiple objective analysis</subject><subject>Nonlinear Dynamics</subject><subject>Nonlinear programming</subject><subject>Operators (mathematics)</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Power Plants - organization &amp; 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Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological &amp; Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agriculture Science Database</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Journals</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest advanced technologies &amp; aerospace journals</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies &amp; Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials science collection</collection><collection>ProQuest - Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Si, Yuan</au><au>Li, Xiang</au><au>Yin, Dongqin</au><au>Liu, Ronghua</au><au>Wei, Jiahua</au><au>Huang, Yuefei</au><au>Li, Tiejian</au><au>Liu, Jiahong</au><au>Gu, Shenglong</au><au>Wang, Guangqian</au><au>Villarini, Mauro</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluating and optimizing the operation of the hydropower system in the Upper Yellow River: A general LINGO-based integrated framework</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2018-01-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0191483</spage><epage>e0191483</epage><pages>e0191483-e0191483</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The hydropower system in the Upper Yellow River (UYR), one of the largest hydropower bases in China, plays a vital role in the energy structure of the Qinghai Power Grid. Due to management difficulties, there is still considerable room for improvement in the joint operation of this system. This paper presents a general LINGO-based integrated framework to study the operation of the UYR hydropower system. The framework is easy to use for operators with little experience in mathematical modeling, takes full advantage of LINGO's capabilities (such as its solving capacity and multi-threading ability), and packs its three layers (the user layer, the coordination layer, and the base layer) together into an integrated solution that is robust and efficient and represents an effective tool for data/scenario management and analysis. The framework is general and can be easily transferred to other hydropower systems with minimal effort, and it can be extended as the base layer is enriched. The multi-objective model that represents the trade-off between power quantity (i.e., maximum energy production) and power reliability (i.e., firm output) of hydropower operation has been formulated. With equivalent transformations, the optimization problem can be solved by the nonlinear programming (NLP) solvers embedded in the LINGO software, such as the General Solver, the Multi-start Solver, and the Global Solver. Both simulation and optimization are performed to verify the model's accuracy and to evaluate the operation of the UYR hydropower system. A total of 13 hydropower plants currently in operation are involved, including two pivotal storage reservoirs on the Yellow River, which are the Longyangxia Reservoir and the Liujiaxia Reservoir. Historical hydrological data from multiple years (2000-2010) are provided as input to the model for analysis. The results are as follows. 1) Assuming that the reservoirs are all in operation (in fact, some reservoirs were not operational or did not collect all of the relevant data during the study period), the energy production is estimated as 267.7, 357.5, and 358.3×108 KWh for the Qinghai Power Grid during dry, normal, and wet years, respectively. 2) Assuming that the hydropower system is operated jointly, the firm output can reach 3110 MW (reliability of 100%) and 3510 MW (reliability of 90%). Moreover, a decrease in energy production from the Longyangxia Reservoir can bring about a very large increase in firm output from the hydropower system. 3) The maximum energy production can reach 297.7, 363.9, and 411.4×108 KWh during dry, normal, and wet years, respectively. The trade-off curve between maximum energy production and firm output is also provided for reference.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>29370206</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0191483</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3753-6525</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
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1932-6203
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subjects Biology and Life Sciences
China
Computer and Information Sciences
Computer simulation
Data Interpretation, Statistical
Decision making
Earth Sciences
Ecology
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Electric power grids
Electricity distribution
Energy
Engineering
Hydroelectric plants
Hydroelectric power
Hydrologic cycle
Hydrologic data
Hydrology
Laboratories
Linear programming
Mathematical models
Mathematical programming
Methods
Model accuracy
Models, Theoretical
Multiple objective analysis
Nonlinear Dynamics
Nonlinear programming
Operators (mathematics)
Optimization
Physical Sciences
Power Plants - organization & administration
Power Plants - statistics & numerical data
Power supply
Regulation
Reliability
Renewable Energy
Research and Analysis Methods
Reservoirs
Rivers
Robustness (mathematics)
Simulation
Software
Solvers
Storage reservoirs
Tradeoffs
Water shortages
title Evaluating and optimizing the operation of the hydropower system in the Upper Yellow River: A general LINGO-based integrated framework
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