A high-salt/high fat diet alters circadian locomotor activity and glucocorticoid synthesis in mice

Salt is an essential nutrient; however, excessive salt intake is a prominent public health concern worldwide. Various physiological functions are associated with circadian rhythms, and disruption of circadian rhythms is a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and immune disease....

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Published in:PloS one 2020-05, Vol.15 (5), p.e0233386-e0233386
Main Authors: Yokoyama, Yoko, Nakamura, Takahiro J, Yoshimoto, Karen, Ijyuin, Honoka, Tachikawa, Naoyuki, Oda, Haruka, Shiraishi, Rena, Shinohara, Kaori, Kumadaki, Kayo, Honda, Shiori, Nakamura, Anna, Kitamura, Naho, Tsubota, Kazuo, Watanabe, Mitsuhiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adrenal glands
Biochemistry
Biological clocks
Biology and Life Sciences
Cardiovascular diseases
Circadian rhythm
Circadian rhythms
Clock gene
Diet
Diseases
Diurnal
Experiments
Gene expression
Genes
Glucocorticoids
Health aspects
Health risks
High fat diet
Hormones
Immunological diseases
Kinases
Laboratories
Locomotor activity
Medicine and Health Sciences
Nutrients
Physical Sciences
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Poetic techniques
Protein synthesis
Proteins
Public health
Public health movements
Regulators
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Salt
Salts
Sodium (Nutrient)
Studies
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Summary:Salt is an essential nutrient; however, excessive salt intake is a prominent public health concern worldwide. Various physiological functions are associated with circadian rhythms, and disruption of circadian rhythms is a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and immune disease. Certain nutrients are vital regulators of peripheral circadian clocks. However, the role of a high-fat and high-salt (HFS) diet in the regulation of circadian gene expression is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an HFS diet on rhythms of locomotor activity, caecum glucocorticoid secretion, and clock gene expression in mice. Mice administered an HFS diet displayed reduced locomotor activity under normal light/dark and constant dark conditions in comparison with those administered a normal diet. The diurnal rhythm of caecum glucocorticoid secretion and the expression levels of glucocorticoid-related genes and clock genes in the adrenal gland were disrupted with an HFS diet. These results suggest that an HFS diet alters locomotor activity, disrupts circadian rhythms of glucocorticoid secretion, and downregulates peripheral adrenal gland circadian clock genes.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0233386