Effects of high intensity interval training on neuro-cardiovascular dynamic changes and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by high-fat diet in rats

Mitochondrial swelling is involved in the pathogenesis of many human diseases associated with oxidative stress including obesity. One of the strategies for prevention of deleterious effects related to obesity and overweight is engaging in regular physical activity, of which high intensity interval t...

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Published in:PloS one 2020-10, Vol.15 (10), p.e0240060-e0240060
Main Authors: Marques Neto, Silvio R, Castiglione, Raquel C, da Silva, Teresa C. B, Paes, Lorena da S, Pontes, Aiza, Oliveira, Dahienne F, Ferraz, Emanuelle B, Ade Caldas, Carla Christina, Nascimento, José Hamilton M, Bouskela, Eliete
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Biology
Biology and Life Sciences
Biophysics
Blood pressure
Body weight
Brain
Capillary pressure
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular system
Density
Diet
Dynamic control
Exercise
Experimentation
Fasting
Fitness equipment
Glucose
Glucose tolerance
Health aspects
Heart
High fat diet
High intensity interval training
Hypertrophy
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Interval training
Laboratory animals
Laboratory testing
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metabolism
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial diseases
Nervous system
Obesity
Overweight
Oxidative stress
Parameters
Pathogenesis
Physical activity
Physical education
Physical fitness
Physiology
Prevention
Risk factors
Subgroups
Swelling
Training
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creator Marques Neto, Silvio R
Castiglione, Raquel C
da Silva, Teresa C. B
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Pontes, Aiza
Oliveira, Dahienne F
Ferraz, Emanuelle B
Ade Caldas, Carla Christina
Nascimento, José Hamilton M
Bouskela, Eliete
description Mitochondrial swelling is involved in the pathogenesis of many human diseases associated with oxidative stress including obesity. One of the strategies for prevention of deleterious effects related to obesity and overweight is engaging in regular physical activity, of which high intensity interval training (HIIT) is efficient in promoting biogenesis and improving the function of mitochondria. Therefore, our aims were to investigate the effects of HIIT on metabolic and neuro-cardiovascular dynamic control and mitochondrial swelling induced by high-fat diet (HFD). Twenty-three male Wistar rats (60 - 80g) were divided into 4 subgroups: control (C), HIIT, HFD and HFD+HIIT. The whole experimentation period lasted for 22 weeks and HIIT sessions were performed 5 days a week during the last 4 weeks. At the end of the experiments, fasting glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. Cerebral microcirculation was analyzed using cortical intravital microscopy for capillary diameter and functional density. Cardiac function and ergoespirometric parameters were also investigated. Mitochondrial swelling was evaluated on brain and heart extracts. HFD promoted an increase on body adiposity (p
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0240060
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Therefore, our aims were to investigate the effects of HIIT on metabolic and neuro-cardiovascular dynamic control and mitochondrial swelling induced by high-fat diet (HFD). Twenty-three male Wistar rats (60 - 80g) were divided into 4 subgroups: control (C), HIIT, HFD and HFD+HIIT. The whole experimentation period lasted for 22 weeks and HIIT sessions were performed 5 days a week during the last 4 weeks. At the end of the experiments, fasting glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. Cerebral microcirculation was analyzed using cortical intravital microscopy for capillary diameter and functional density. Cardiac function and ergoespirometric parameters were also investigated. Mitochondrial swelling was evaluated on brain and heart extracts. 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B</au><au>Paes, Lorena da S</au><au>Pontes, Aiza</au><au>Oliveira, Dahienne F</au><au>Ferraz, Emanuelle B</au><au>Ade Caldas, Carla Christina</au><au>Nascimento, José Hamilton M</au><au>Bouskela, Eliete</au><au>Bader, Michael</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of high intensity interval training on neuro-cardiovascular dynamic changes and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by high-fat diet in rats</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><date>2020-10-23</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>e0240060</spage><epage>e0240060</epage><pages>e0240060-e0240060</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Mitochondrial swelling is involved in the pathogenesis of many human diseases associated with oxidative stress including obesity. One of the strategies for prevention of deleterious effects related to obesity and overweight is engaging in regular physical activity, of which high intensity interval training (HIIT) is efficient in promoting biogenesis and improving the function of mitochondria. Therefore, our aims were to investigate the effects of HIIT on metabolic and neuro-cardiovascular dynamic control and mitochondrial swelling induced by high-fat diet (HFD). Twenty-three male Wistar rats (60 - 80g) were divided into 4 subgroups: control (C), HIIT, HFD and HFD+HIIT. The whole experimentation period lasted for 22 weeks and HIIT sessions were performed 5 days a week during the last 4 weeks. At the end of the experiments, fasting glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. Cerebral microcirculation was analyzed using cortical intravital microscopy for capillary diameter and functional density. Cardiac function and ergoespirometric parameters were also investigated. Mitochondrial swelling was evaluated on brain and heart extracts. HFD promoted an increase on body adiposity (p<0.001), fasting glucose levels (p<0.001), insulin resistance index (p<0.05), cardiac hypertrophy index (p<0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.05), along with worsened cardiac function (p<0.05), reduced functional cerebral capillary density (p<0.05) and its diameter (p<0.01), and heart and brain mitochondrial function (p<0.001). HFD did not affect any ergoespirometric parameter. After 4 weeks of training, HIIT was able to improve cardiac hypertrophy index, diastolic blood pressure, cerebral functional capillary density (p<0.01) and heart and brain mitochondrial swelling (p<0.001). In animals subjected to HFD, HIIT ameliorated both cerebral mitochondrial swelling and functional capillary density, but it did not improve cardiovascular function suggesting that the cardiovascular dysfunction elicited by HFD was not due to heart mitochondrial swelling.]]></abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>33095799</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0240060</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7052-254X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5742-4646</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
ispartof PloS one, 2020-10, Vol.15 (10), p.e0240060-e0240060
issn 1932-6203
1932-6203
language eng
recordid cdi_plos_journals_2453902564
source ProQuest - Publicly Available Content Database; PubMed Central
subjects Adipose tissue
Biology
Biology and Life Sciences
Biophysics
Blood pressure
Body weight
Brain
Capillary pressure
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular system
Density
Diet
Dynamic control
Exercise
Experimentation
Fasting
Fitness equipment
Glucose
Glucose tolerance
Health aspects
Heart
High fat diet
High intensity interval training
Hypertrophy
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Interval training
Laboratory animals
Laboratory testing
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metabolism
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial diseases
Nervous system
Obesity
Overweight
Oxidative stress
Parameters
Pathogenesis
Physical activity
Physical education
Physical fitness
Physiology
Prevention
Risk factors
Subgroups
Swelling
Training
title Effects of high intensity interval training on neuro-cardiovascular dynamic changes and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by high-fat diet in rats
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