Full-dose hepatitis B virus vaccination coverage and associated factors among health care workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: PloS one 2020-10, Vol.15 (10), p.e0241226-e0241226
• Main Authors: Awoke, Nefsu, Mulgeta, Henok, Lolaso, Tsegaye, Tekalign, Tiwabwork, Samuel, Serawit, Obsa, Mohammed Suleiman, Olana, Robera
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biology and Life Sciences; Body fluids; Boolean algebra; Citation management software; Cross-sectional studies; Demographic aspects; Dosage and administration; Drug dosages; Ethiopia - epidemiology; Global health; Health aspects; Health care; Hepatitis; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B - epidemiology; Hepatitis B - prevention & control; Hepatitis B vaccines; Hepatitis B Vaccines - administration & dosage; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification; Heterogeneity; Humans; Infections; Medical personnel; Medicine; Medicine and health sciences; Meta-analysis; Nursing; People and Places; Physical Sciences; Poliomyelitis; Prevalence; Prevention; Public health; Research and Analysis Methods; Search engines; Sensitivity analysis; Statistical analysis; Statistical tests; Supervision; Training; Vaccination; Vaccination - statistics & numerical data; Vaccination Coverage - statistics & numerical data; Vaccines; Viruses
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241226

The hepatitis B vaccine is the backbone of hepatitis B prevention. All health care workers must receive a full-dose (3-dose vaccine series) to achieve >90% protection against hepatitis B virus. There is limited evidence available on vaccination coverage of HBV among health care workers in Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to estimate the national full-dose hepatitis B vaccination coverage and the associated factors among health care workers in Ethiopia. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and Google Scholar by using a combination of search terms with Boolean operators. The quality of each study was evaluated independently by three authors using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cross-sectional studies. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA™ Version 14 software. Meta-analysis was carried out using a random-effects (DerSimonian and Laird) method. The heterogeneity test was conducted by using I-squared (I2) statistics. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed. A total of 15 articles with 5734 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of full-dose hepatitis B virus vaccination coverage among health care workers in Ethiopia was 20.04% (95% CI: 13.83, 26.26); I2 = 98.9%). Being male sex (p = 0.002), having work experience of less than 5 years (p < 0.001), educational level of diploma and below (p = 0.003), health care providers who received training on infection prevention (p < 0.001), and those who had a history of exposure to blood and body fluids (p = 0.001), were factors significantly associated with full-dose hepatitis B virus vaccination. The national full-dose hepatitis B vaccination coverage among health care workers was low. Training of health care workers in infection prevention, particularly in hepatitis B and testing and providing hepatitis B vaccination for newly recruited staff and every 5 years for those long-term workers were recommended to increase the uptake of the vaccine.