Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities in urban African people living with HIV in South Africa

Studies from high income countries report that HIV-positive people have an impaired systolic and diastolic cardiac function compared to HIV-negative people. It is unclear if results can be translated directly to the Sub-Saharan Africa context. This study assesses electro- and echocardiographic chara...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2021-02, Vol.16 (2), p.e0244742-e0244742
Main Authors: Roozen, Geert V T, Meel, Ruchika, Peper, Joyce, Venter, William D F, Barth, Roos E, Grobbee, Diederick E, Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin, Vos, Alinda G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdomen
Abnormalities
Aging
Angina pectoris
Antihypertensives
Antiretroviral drugs
Biology and Life Sciences
Blood pressure
Cardiology
Cardiovascular diseases
CD4 antigen
Cholesterol
Complications and side effects
Demographic aspects
Density
Diabetes
Disease
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Editing
Epidemiology
Glucose
Health care
Health care facilities
Health risks
Health sciences
Heart attacks
Heart diseases
Heart failure
Heart rate
High density lipoprotein
HIV
HIV infection
Hospitals
Human immunodeficiency virus
Hypertension
Infections
Infectious diseases
Low density lipoprotein
Medical tests
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metabolic syndrome
Methodology
Morbidity
Mortality
Obesity
Population
Primary care
Public health
Reproductive health
Research and Analysis Methods
Reviews
Risk factors
Triglycerides
Viruses
Womens health
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Summary:Studies from high income countries report that HIV-positive people have an impaired systolic and diastolic cardiac function compared to HIV-negative people. It is unclear if results can be translated directly to the Sub-Saharan Africa context. This study assesses electro- and echocardiographic characteristics in an urban African population, comparing HIV-positive people (treated and not yet treated) with HIV-negative controls. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Johannesburg, South Africa. We enrolled HIV-positive participants from three randomized controlled trials that had recruited participants from routine HIV testing programs. HIV-negative controls were recruited from the community. Data were collected on demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, medical history and electrocardiographic and echocardiographic characteristics. In total, 394 HIV-positive participants and 153 controls were enrolled. The mean age of HIV-positive participants was 40±9 years (controls: 35±10 years), and 34% were male (controls: 50%). Of HIV-positive participants 36% were overweight or obese (controls: 44%), 23% had hypertension (controls: 28%) and 12% were current smoker (controls: 37%). Median time since HIV diagnosis was 6.0 years (IQR 2.3-10.0) and median treatment duration was 4.0 years (IQR 0.0-8.0), 50% had undetectable viral load. The frequency of anatomical cardiac abnormalities was low and did not differ between people with and without HIV. We observed no relation between HIV or anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and systolic or diastolic heart function. There was an association between ART use and corrected QT interval: +11.8 ms compared to HIV-negative controls (p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0244742