Microbiota-host communications: Bacterial extracellular vesicles as a common language

Both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain components from their mother cells. Bacterial EVs are similar in size to mammalian-derived EVs and are thought to mediate bacteria-host communications by transporting diverse bioactive molecules including...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS pathogens 2021-05, Vol.17 (5), p.e1009508-e1009508
Main Authors: Ñahui Palomino, Rogers A, Vanpouille, Christophe, Costantini, Paolo E, Margolis, Leonid
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Bacterial vesicles
Biology and Life Sciences
Biosynthesis
Body fluids
Cell organelles
Enzymes
Extracellular vesicles
Glycoproteins
Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-positive bacteria
Health aspects
Host-bacteria relationships
Human body
Lipids
Mammals
Medicine and Health Sciences
Membranes
Membranes (Biology)
Metabolites
Microbiological research
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Microscopy
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Proteins
Review
Structure
Vesicles
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Summary:Both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain components from their mother cells. Bacterial EVs are similar in size to mammalian-derived EVs and are thought to mediate bacteria-host communications by transporting diverse bioactive molecules including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites. Bacterial EVs have been implicated in bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host interactions, promoting health or causing various pathologies. Although the science of bacterial EVs is less developed than that of eukaryotic EVs, the number of studies on bacterial EVs is continuously increasing. This review highlights the current state of knowledge in the rapidly evolving field of bacterial EV science, focusing on their discovery, isolation, biogenesis, and more specifically on their role in microbiota-host communications. Knowledge of these mechanisms may be translated into new therapeutics and diagnostics based on bacterial EVs.
ISSN:1553-7374
1553-7366
1553-7374
DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009508