Structural and quantitative alterations of gut microbiota in experimental small bowel obstruction

• Published in: PloS one 2021-08, Vol.16 (8), p.e0255651-e0255651
• Main Authors: Mo, Jiali, Gao, Lei, Zhang, Nan, Xie, Jiliang, Li, Donghua, Shan, Tao, Fan, Liuyang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abdomen; Abundance; Analysis; Animals; Bacteria; Bacteroidetes - genetics; Biology and Life Sciences; Claudin-1 - genetics; Diagnosis; Digestive system; Digestive tract; Disease; Disease Models, Animal; DNA, Bacterial - genetics; DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification; DNA, Ribosomal - genetics; DNA, Ribosomal - isolation & purification; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Enzymes; Feces; Feces - microbiology; Firmicutes - genetics; Gastrointestinal diseases; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - genetics; Gastrointestinal surgery; Gastrointestinal tract; Gene Expression; Hospitals; Ileum; Ileum - microbiology; Ileum - pathology; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory - blood; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory - metabolism; Intestinal microflora; Intestinal Mucosa - immunology; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism; Intestinal Mucosa - microbiology; Intestinal obstruction; Intestinal Obstruction - blood; Intestinal Obstruction - microbiology; Male; Medical research; Medicine and Health Sciences; Microbiota; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Mortality; Mucosa; Next-generation sequencing; Phylogeny; Polymerase chain reaction; Polyvinyl chloride; Proteobacteria - genetics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Relative abundance; Research and Analysis Methods; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; rRNA 16S; Small intestine; Structure; Verrucomicrobia - genetics
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255651

To investigate structural and quantitative alterations of gut microbiota in an experimental model of small bowel obstruction. A rat model of small bowel obstruction was established by using a polyvinyl chloride ring surgically placed surrounding the terminal ileum. The alterations of gut microbiota were studied after intestinal obstruction. Intraluminal fecal samples proximal to the obstruction were collected at different time points (24, 48 and 72 hours after obstruction) and analyzed by 16s rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for target bacterial groups. Furthermore, intestinal claudin-1 mRNA expression was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, and serum sIgA, IFABP and TFF3 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Small bowel obstruction led to significant bacterial overgrowth and profound alterations in gut microbiota composition and diversity. At the phylum level, the 16S rDNA sequences showed a marked decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and increased abundance of Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes. The qPCR analysis showed the absolute quantity of total bacteria increased significantly within 24 hours but did not change distinctly from 24 to 72 hours. Further indicators of intestinal mucosa damage and were observed as claudin-1 gene expression, sIgA and TFF3 levels decreased and IFABP level increased with prolonged obstruction. Small bowel obstruction can cause significant structural and quantitative alterations of gut microbiota and induce disruption of gut mucosa barrier.