Actinomadura graeca sp. nov.: A novel producer of the macrocyclic antibiotic zelkovamycin

As part of a screening programme for antibiotic-producing bacteria, a novel Actinomadura species was discovered from a soil sample collected in Santorini, Greece. Preliminary 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons highlighted Actinomadura macra as the most similar characterised species. However, whole-g...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2021-11, Vol.16 (11), p.e0260413-e0260413
Main Authors: Tarantini, Francesco Saverio, Brunati, Mara, Taravella, Anna, Carrano, Lucia, Parenti, Francesco, Hong, Kar Wai, Williams, Paul, Chan, Kok Gan, Heeb, Stephan, Chan, Weng C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actinomadura - classification
Actinomadura - genetics
Actinomadura - metabolism
Actinomadura - ultrastructure
Analysis
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - biosynthesis
Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - genetics
Base Composition
Biology and Life Sciences
Cell walls
Computer and Information Sciences
DNA
Fatty acids
Galactose
Gene sequencing
Genetic aspects
Genomes
Glucose
Glycerol
Gram-positive bacteria
Life sciences
Lipids
Macrocyclic Compounds - metabolism
Medicine and Health Sciences
Menaquinones
Molecular biology
Morphology
New species
Nucleotides
Palmitic acid
Peptides
Pharmacy
Phosphatidylinositol
Physical Sciences
Physiology
Properties
Ribose
rRNA 16S
Scanning electron microscopy
Social Sciences
Sugar
Whole genome sequencing
Yeast
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Description
Summary:As part of a screening programme for antibiotic-producing bacteria, a novel Actinomadura species was discovered from a soil sample collected in Santorini, Greece. Preliminary 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons highlighted Actinomadura macra as the most similar characterised species. However, whole-genome sequencing revealed an average nucleotide identity (ANI) value of 89% with A. macra, the highest among related species. Further phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses confirmed that the isolate represents a previously uncharacterised species in the genus Actinomadura, for which the name Actinomadura graeca sp. nov. is proposed (type strain 32-07T). The G+C content of A. graeca 32-07 is 72.36%. The cell wall contains DL-diaminopimelic acid, intracellular sugars are glucose, ribose and galactose, the predominant menaquinone is MK-9(H6), the major cellular lipid is phosphatidylinositol and fatty acids consist mainly of hexadecanoic acid. No mycolic acid was detected. Furthermore, A. graeca 32-07 has been confirmed as a novel producer of the non-ribosomal peptide antibiotic zelkovamycin and we report herein a provisional description of the unique biosynthetic gene cluster.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0260413