Behavioral, health- related and demographic risk factors of death in floods: A case-control study

• Published in: PloS one 2021-12, Vol.16 (12), p.e0262005-e0262005
• Main Authors: Yari, Arezoo, Yousefi Khoshsabegheh, Homa, Zarezadeh, Yadolah, Ardalan, Ali, Soufi Boubakran, Mohsen, Ostadtaghizadeh, Abbas, Motlagh, Mohamad Esmaeil
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis; At risk populations; Behavior; Biology and Life Sciences; Case studies; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Death; Decision making; Demographics; Disaster victims; Disasters; Earth Sciences; Emergencies; Environmental risk; Fatalities; Female; Flood management; Floods; Floods - statistics & numerical data; Geography; Health Behavior; Health risks; Humans; Infant; Iran; Literacy; Male; Management; Medical research; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Patient outcomes; Physical Sciences; Polls & surveys; Public health; Regression Analysis; Research and Analysis Methods; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Risk reduction; Risk taking; Skills; Social Sciences; Socioeconomics; Surveys and Questionnaires; Survivors; Swimming; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262005

During the first half of 2019, many provinces of Iran were affected by floods, which claimed the lives of 82 people. The present study aimed to investigate the behavioral, health related and demographic risk factors associated with deaths due to floods. We measured the odds ratio and investigated the contribution and significance of the factors in relation to mortality. This case-control study was conducted in the cities affected by flood in Iran. Data were collected on the flood victims using a questionnaire. Survivors, a member of the flood victim's family, were interviewed. In total, 77 subjects completed the survey in the case group, and 310 subjects completed the survey in the control group. The findings indicated that factors such as the age of less than 18 years, low literacy, being trapped in buildings/cars, and risky behaviors increased the risk of flood deaths. Regarding the behavioral factors, perceived/real swimming skills increased the risk of flood deaths although it may seem paradoxical. This increment is due to increased self confidence in time of flood. On the other hand, skills and abilities such as evacuation, requesting help, and escape decreased the risk of flood deaths. According to the results, the adoption of support strategies, protecting vulnerable groups, and improving the socioeconomic status of flood-prone areas could prevent and reduce the risk of flood deaths.