Features of patients who developed hepatocellular carcinoma after direct-acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C Virus

• Published in: PloS one 2022-01, Vol.17 (1), p.e0262267-e0262267
• Main Authors: Mawatari, Seiichi, Kumagai, Kotaro, Oda, Kohei, Tabu, Kazuaki, Ijuin, Sho, Fujisaki, Kunio, Tashima, Shuzo, Inada, Yukiko, Uto, Hirofumi, Saisyoji, Akiko, Hiramine, Yasunari, Hashiguchi, Masafumi, Tamai, Tsutomu, Hori, Takeshi, Taniyama, Ohki, Toyodome, Ai, Sakae, Haruka, Kure, Takeshi, Sakurai, Kazuhiro, Moriuchi, Akihiro, Kanmura, Shuji, Ido, Akio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Albumins; Antiviral agents; Antiviral Agents - adverse effects; Antiviral drugs; Biology and life sciences; Carcinogenesis; Carcinogens; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - chemically induced; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - pathology; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - virology; Care and treatment; Complications and side effects; Environmental science; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastroenterology; Hepacivirus - drug effects; Hepatitis; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C virus; Hepatitis C, Chronic - drug therapy; Hepatitis C, Chronic - virology; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Hepatology; Hepatoma; Hospitals; Humans; Hyaluronic acid; Infections; Internal medicine; Lifestyles; Liver cancer; Liver diseases; Liver Neoplasms - chemically induced; Liver Neoplasms - pathology; Liver Neoplasms - virology; Magnetic resonance imaging; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Patient outcomes; Patients; Population; Population studies; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Sex; Survival Rate; University graduates; Viruses; α-Fetoprotein
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262267

The features of hepatitis C virus patients with a sustained virologic response (SVR) who developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy are unclear. The study population included 1494 DAA-SVR patients without a history of HCC. The cumulative carcinogenesis rate after the end of treatment (EOT) and factors related to HCC were analyzed. Sixty (4.0%) patients developed HCC during a median observation period of 47.6 months. At four years, the cumulative carcinogenesis rate was 4.7%. A Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that age ≥73 years (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.148), male sex (HR: 3.060), hyaluronic acid (HA) ≥75 ng/mL (HR: 3.996), alpha-fetoprotein at EOT (EOT-AFP) ≥5.3 ng/mL (HR: 4.773), and albumin at EOT (EOT-Alb)