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Antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced by four different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in health care workers in the Netherlands: A prospective cohort study
Emerging and future SARS-CoV-2 variants may jeopardize the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns. Therefore, it is important to know how the different vaccines perform against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants. In a prospective cohort of 165 SARS-CoV-2 naive health care workers in the Netherlands, vaccin...
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| Published in: | PLoS medicine 2022-05, Vol.19 (5), p.e1003991 |
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| creator | van Gils, Marit J Lavell, Ayesha van der Straten, Karlijn Appelman, Brent Bontjer, Ilja Poniman, Meliawati Burger, Judith A Oomen, Melissa Bouhuijs, Joey H van Vught, Lonneke A Slim, Marleen A Schinkel, Michiel Wynberg, Elke van Willigen, Hugo D G Grobben, Marloes Tejjani, Khadija van Rijswijk, Jacqueline Snitselaar, Jonne L Caniels, Tom G Vlaar, Alexander P J Prins, Maria de Jong, Menno D de Bree, Godelieve J Sikkens, Jonne J Bomers, Marije K Sanders, Rogier W |
| description | Emerging and future SARS-CoV-2 variants may jeopardize the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns. Therefore, it is important to know how the different vaccines perform against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants.
In a prospective cohort of 165 SARS-CoV-2 naive health care workers in the Netherlands, vaccinated with either one of four vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222 or Ad26.COV2.S), we performed a head-to-head comparison of the ability of sera to recognize and neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs; Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron). Repeated serum sampling was performed 5 times during a year (from January 2021 till January 2022), including before and after booster vaccination with BNT162b2. Four weeks after completing the initial vaccination series, SARS-CoV-2 wild-type neutralizing antibody titers were highest in recipients of mRNA-1273, followed by recipients of BNT162b2 (geometric mean titers (GMT) of 358 [95% CI 231-556] and 214 [95% CI 153-299], respectively; p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003991 |
| format | article |
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In a prospective cohort of 165 SARS-CoV-2 naive health care workers in the Netherlands, vaccinated with either one of four vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222 or Ad26.COV2.S), we performed a head-to-head comparison of the ability of sera to recognize and neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs; Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron). Repeated serum sampling was performed 5 times during a year (from January 2021 till January 2022), including before and after booster vaccination with BNT162b2. Four weeks after completing the initial vaccination series, SARS-CoV-2 wild-type neutralizing antibody titers were highest in recipients of mRNA-1273, followed by recipients of BNT162b2 (geometric mean titers (GMT) of 358 [95% CI 231-556] and 214 [95% CI 153-299], respectively; p<0.05), and substantially lower in those vaccinated with the adenovirus vector-based vaccines AZD1222 and Ad26.COV2.S (GMT of 18 [95% CI 11-30] and 14 [95% CI 8-25] IU/ml, respectively; p<0.001). VOCs neutralization was reduced in all vaccine groups, with the greatest reduction in neutralization GMT observed against the Omicron variant (fold change 0.03 [95% CI 0.02-0.04], p<0.001). The booster BNT162b2 vaccination increased neutralizing antibody titers for all groups with substantial improvement against the VOCs including the Omicron variant. We used linear regression and linear mixed model analysis. All results were adjusted for possible confounding of age and sex. Study limitations include the lack of cellular immunity data.
Overall, this study shows that the mRNA vaccines appear superior to adenovirus vector-based vaccines in inducing neutralizing antibodies against VOCs four weeks after initial vaccination and after booster vaccination, which implies the use of mRNA vaccines for both initial and booster vaccination.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1549-1676</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1549-1277</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1549-1676</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003991</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35580156</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 ; Ad26COVS1 ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antibody Formation ; Biology and Life Sciences ; BNT162 Vaccine ; Cell-mediated immunity ; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 ; Cohort analysis ; Cohort Studies ; Comparative analysis ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; COVID-19 - prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Drug dosages ; Evaluation ; Health aspects ; Health care ; Health Personnel ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immunity (cell-mediated) ; Immunization ; Infections ; Medical personnel ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; mRNA ; mRNA vaccines ; Mutation ; Netherlands - epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Prospective Studies ; Proteins ; SARS-CoV-2 - genetics ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Viral antibodies</subject><ispartof>PLoS medicine, 2022-05, Vol.19 (5), p.e1003991</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2022 van Gils et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 van Gils et al 2022 van Gils et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c764t-c8e111f6eaa0e03a5126b3f0c77cbb30d6c368ec9035deb25bce04e3989dad1d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c764t-c8e111f6eaa0e03a5126b3f0c77cbb30d6c368ec9035deb25bce04e3989dad1d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9357-9917 ; 0000-0001-8869-9570 ; 0000-0002-8406-7733 ; 0000-0002-4560-8410 ; 0000-0003-0399-6926 ; 0000-0002-3453-7186 ; 0000-0003-2838-5099 ; 0000-0002-6074-8542 ; 0000-0002-1559-9592 ; 0000-0002-6281-040X ; 0000-0003-3422-8161 ; 0000-0001-9580-157X ; 0000-0002-2324-8573 ; 0000-0002-8380-4738 ; 0000-0002-4567-3132 ; 0000-0002-8245-086X ; 0000-0001-6373-9302</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2677644820?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2677644820?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,38516,43895,44590,53791,53793,74412,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35580156$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Beeson, James G.</contributor><creatorcontrib>van Gils, Marit J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lavell, Ayesha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Straten, Karlijn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Appelman, Brent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bontjer, Ilja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poniman, Meliawati</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burger, Judith A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oomen, Melissa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bouhuijs, Joey H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Vught, Lonneke A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slim, Marleen A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schinkel, Michiel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wynberg, Elke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Willigen, Hugo D G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grobben, Marloes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tejjani, Khadija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Rijswijk, Jacqueline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Snitselaar, Jonne L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caniels, Tom G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vlaar, Alexander P J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prins, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Jong, Menno D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Bree, Godelieve J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sikkens, Jonne J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bomers, Marije K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanders, Rogier W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amsterdam UMC COVID-19 S3/HCW study group</creatorcontrib><title>Antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced by four different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in health care workers in the Netherlands: A prospective cohort study</title><title>PLoS medicine</title><addtitle>PLoS Med</addtitle><description>Emerging and future SARS-CoV-2 variants may jeopardize the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns. Therefore, it is important to know how the different vaccines perform against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants.
In a prospective cohort of 165 SARS-CoV-2 naive health care workers in the Netherlands, vaccinated with either one of four vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222 or Ad26.COV2.S), we performed a head-to-head comparison of the ability of sera to recognize and neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs; Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron). Repeated serum sampling was performed 5 times during a year (from January 2021 till January 2022), including before and after booster vaccination with BNT162b2. Four weeks after completing the initial vaccination series, SARS-CoV-2 wild-type neutralizing antibody titers were highest in recipients of mRNA-1273, followed by recipients of BNT162b2 (geometric mean titers (GMT) of 358 [95% CI 231-556] and 214 [95% CI 153-299], respectively; p<0.05), and substantially lower in those vaccinated with the adenovirus vector-based vaccines AZD1222 and Ad26.COV2.S (GMT of 18 [95% CI 11-30] and 14 [95% CI 8-25] IU/ml, respectively; p<0.001). VOCs neutralization was reduced in all vaccine groups, with the greatest reduction in neutralization GMT observed against the Omicron variant (fold change 0.03 [95% CI 0.02-0.04], p<0.001). The booster BNT162b2 vaccination increased neutralizing antibody titers for all groups with substantial improvement against the VOCs including the Omicron variant. We used linear regression and linear mixed model analysis. All results were adjusted for possible confounding of age and sex. Study limitations include the lack of cellular immunity data.
Overall, this study shows that the mRNA vaccines appear superior to adenovirus vector-based vaccines in inducing neutralizing antibodies against VOCs four weeks after initial vaccination and after booster vaccination, which implies the use of mRNA vaccines for both initial and booster vaccination.</description><subject>2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273</subject><subject>Ad26COVS1</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Antibodies, Neutralizing</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral</subject><subject>Antibody Formation</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>BNT162 Vaccine</subject><subject>Cell-mediated immunity</subject><subject>ChAdOx1 nCoV-19</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19 - epidemiology</subject><subject>COVID-19 - prevention & control</subject><subject>COVID-19 Vaccines</subject><subject>Drug 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responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced by four different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in health care workers in the Netherlands: A prospective cohort study</title><author>van Gils, Marit J ; Lavell, Ayesha ; van der Straten, Karlijn ; Appelman, Brent ; Bontjer, Ilja ; Poniman, Meliawati ; Burger, Judith A ; Oomen, Melissa ; Bouhuijs, Joey H ; van Vught, Lonneke A ; Slim, Marleen A ; Schinkel, Michiel ; Wynberg, Elke ; van Willigen, Hugo D G ; Grobben, Marloes ; Tejjani, Khadija ; van Rijswijk, Jacqueline ; Snitselaar, Jonne L ; Caniels, Tom G ; Vlaar, Alexander P J ; Prins, Maria ; de Jong, Menno D ; de Bree, Godelieve J ; Sikkens, Jonne J ; Bomers, Marije K ; Sanders, Rogier W</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c764t-c8e111f6eaa0e03a5126b3f0c77cbb30d6c368ec9035deb25bce04e3989dad1d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>2019-nCoV Vaccine 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epidemiology</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2 - genetics</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</topic><topic>Viral antibodies</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>van Gils, Marit J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lavell, Ayesha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Straten, Karlijn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Appelman, Brent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bontjer, Ilja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poniman, Meliawati</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burger, Judith A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oomen, Melissa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bouhuijs, Joey H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Vught, Lonneke A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slim, Marleen A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schinkel, Michiel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wynberg, Elke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Willigen, Hugo D G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grobben, Marloes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tejjani, Khadija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Rijswijk, Jacqueline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Snitselaar, Jonne L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caniels, Tom G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vlaar, Alexander P J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prins, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Jong, Menno D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Bree, Godelieve J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sikkens, Jonne J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bomers, Marije K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanders, Rogier W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amsterdam UMC COVID-19 S3/HCW study group</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Opposing Viewpoints in Context (Gale)</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Canada</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (ProQuest Medical & Health Databases)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Coronavirus Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><collection>PLoS Medicine</collection><jtitle>PLoS medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>van Gils, Marit J</au><au>Lavell, Ayesha</au><au>van der Straten, Karlijn</au><au>Appelman, Brent</au><au>Bontjer, Ilja</au><au>Poniman, Meliawati</au><au>Burger, Judith A</au><au>Oomen, Melissa</au><au>Bouhuijs, Joey H</au><au>van Vught, Lonneke A</au><au>Slim, Marleen A</au><au>Schinkel, Michiel</au><au>Wynberg, Elke</au><au>van Willigen, Hugo D G</au><au>Grobben, Marloes</au><au>Tejjani, Khadija</au><au>van Rijswijk, Jacqueline</au><au>Snitselaar, Jonne L</au><au>Caniels, Tom G</au><au>Vlaar, Alexander P J</au><au>Prins, Maria</au><au>de Jong, Menno D</au><au>de Bree, Godelieve J</au><au>Sikkens, Jonne J</au><au>Bomers, Marije K</au><au>Sanders, Rogier W</au><au>Beeson, James G.</au><aucorp>Amsterdam UMC COVID-19 S3/HCW study group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced by four different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in health care workers in the Netherlands: A prospective cohort study</atitle><jtitle>PLoS medicine</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS Med</addtitle><date>2022-05-17</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e1003991</spage><pages>e1003991-</pages><issn>1549-1676</issn><issn>1549-1277</issn><eissn>1549-1676</eissn><abstract>Emerging and future SARS-CoV-2 variants may jeopardize the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns. Therefore, it is important to know how the different vaccines perform against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants.
In a prospective cohort of 165 SARS-CoV-2 naive health care workers in the Netherlands, vaccinated with either one of four vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222 or Ad26.COV2.S), we performed a head-to-head comparison of the ability of sera to recognize and neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs; Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron). Repeated serum sampling was performed 5 times during a year (from January 2021 till January 2022), including before and after booster vaccination with BNT162b2. Four weeks after completing the initial vaccination series, SARS-CoV-2 wild-type neutralizing antibody titers were highest in recipients of mRNA-1273, followed by recipients of BNT162b2 (geometric mean titers (GMT) of 358 [95% CI 231-556] and 214 [95% CI 153-299], respectively; p<0.05), and substantially lower in those vaccinated with the adenovirus vector-based vaccines AZD1222 and Ad26.COV2.S (GMT of 18 [95% CI 11-30] and 14 [95% CI 8-25] IU/ml, respectively; p<0.001). VOCs neutralization was reduced in all vaccine groups, with the greatest reduction in neutralization GMT observed against the Omicron variant (fold change 0.03 [95% CI 0.02-0.04], p<0.001). The booster BNT162b2 vaccination increased neutralizing antibody titers for all groups with substantial improvement against the VOCs including the Omicron variant. We used linear regression and linear mixed model analysis. All results were adjusted for possible confounding of age and sex. Study limitations include the lack of cellular immunity data.
Overall, this study shows that the mRNA vaccines appear superior to adenovirus vector-based vaccines in inducing neutralizing antibodies against VOCs four weeks after initial vaccination and after booster vaccination, which implies the use of mRNA vaccines for both initial and booster vaccination.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>35580156</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pmed.1003991</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9357-9917</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8869-9570</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8406-7733</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4560-8410</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0399-6926</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3453-7186</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2838-5099</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6074-8542</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-9592</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6281-040X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3422-8161</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9580-157X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2324-8573</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-4738</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4567-3132</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8245-086X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6373-9302</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1549-1676 |
| ispartof | PLoS medicine, 2022-05, Vol.19 (5), p.e1003991 |
| issn | 1549-1676 1549-1277 1549-1676 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2677644820 |
| source | Publicly Available Content (ProQuest); PubMed Central; Coronavirus Research Database |
| subjects | 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 Ad26COVS1 Antibodies Antibodies, Neutralizing Antibodies, Viral Antibody Formation Biology and Life Sciences BNT162 Vaccine Cell-mediated immunity ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Cohort analysis Cohort Studies Comparative analysis Coronaviruses COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - prevention & control COVID-19 Vaccines Drug dosages Evaluation Health aspects Health care Health Personnel Hospitalization Humans Immunity (cell-mediated) Immunization Infections Medical personnel Medicine and Health Sciences mRNA mRNA vaccines Mutation Netherlands - epidemiology Pandemics Prospective Studies Proteins SARS-CoV-2 - genetics Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Viral antibodies |
| title | Antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced by four different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in health care workers in the Netherlands: A prospective cohort study |
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