Cannabinoids activate the insulin pathway to modulate mobilization of cholesterol in C. elegans

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans requires exogenous cholesterol to survive and its depletion leads to early developmental arrest. Thus, tight regulation of cholesterol storage and distribution within the organism is critical. Previously, we demonstrated that the endocannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidono...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS genetics 2022-11, Vol.18 (11), p.e1010346-e1010346
Main Authors: Hernandez-Cravero, Bruno, Gallino, Sofia, Florman, Jeremy, Vranych, Cecilia, Diaz, Philippe, Elgoyhen, Ana Belén, Alkema, Mark J, de Mendoza, Diego
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2-Arachidonoylglycerol
Animals
Biology and Life Sciences
Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans - genetics
Cannabinoids
Cellular signal transduction
Cholesterol
Cholesterol - genetics
Cholesterol metabolism
Dense core vesicles
Experiments
Genetic analysis
Homeostasis
Insulin
Insulin-like growth factor I
Intracellular signalling
Ion channels
Lipids
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metabolism
Mutation
Physiological aspects
Physiological research
Proteins
Research and Analysis Methods
Signal transduction
Sterols
Worms
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Summary:The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans requires exogenous cholesterol to survive and its depletion leads to early developmental arrest. Thus, tight regulation of cholesterol storage and distribution within the organism is critical. Previously, we demonstrated that the endocannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) plays a key role in C. elegans since it modulates sterol mobilization. However, the mechanism remains unknown. Here we show that mutations in the ocr-2 and osm-9 genes, coding for transient receptors potential V (TRPV) ion channels, dramatically reduce the effect of 2-AG in cholesterol mobilization. Through genetic analysis in combination with the rescue of larval arrest induced by sterol starvation, we found that the insulin/IGF-1signaling (IIS) pathway and UNC-31/CAPS, a calcium-activated regulator of neural dense-core vesicles release, are essential for 2-AG-mediated stimulation of cholesterol mobilization. These findings indicate that 2-AG-dependent cholesterol trafficking requires the release of insulin peptides and signaling through the DAF-2 insulin receptor. These results suggest that 2-AG acts as an endogenous modulator of TRPV signal transduction to control intracellular sterol trafficking through modulation of the IGF-1 signaling pathway.
ISSN:1553-7404
1553-7390
1553-7404
DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.1010346