Euclasta condylotricha flowers essential oils: A new source of juvenile hormones and its larvicidal activity against Anopheles gambiae s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae)

• Published in: PloS one 2023-01, Vol.18 (1), p.e0278834
• Main Authors: Bohounton, Roméo Barnabé, Djihinto, Oswald Yédjinnavênan, Dedome, Oronce Sedjro-Ludolphe, Yovo, Réné Mahudro, Djossou, Laurette, Koba, Koffi, Adomou, Aristide, Villeneuve, Pierre, Djogbénou, Luc Salako, Tchobo, Fidèle Paul
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aedes; Animals; Anopheles; Anopheles gambiae; Bioassays; Biological properties; Biology and Life Sciences; Cadinol; Chemical composition; Chemical properties; Chromatography; Confidence intervals; Constituents; Control; Culex; Distillation; Essences and essential oils; Essential oils; Euclasta condylotricha; Flowers; Flowers & plants; Gas chromatography; Grasses; Hormones; Hydrocarbons; Infectious diseases; Insecticides; Insecticides - chemistry; Insects; Juvenile Hormones; Laboratories; Larva; Larvae; Larvicides; Life Sciences; Malaria; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Medicine and Health Sciences; Methods; Mortality; Mosquito Vectors; Mosquitoes; Oils & fats; Oils, Volatile - chemistry; People and Places; Physiological aspects; Phytopathology and phytopharmacy; Plant hormones; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Poaceae; Public health; Scientific imaging; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenoids; Spectroscopy; Terpenes; Toxicity; Vector control; Vector-borne diseases; Vectors (Biology); Vegetal Biology
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278834

The essential oil (EO) of plants of the Poaceae family has diverse chemical constituents with several biological properties. But, data on the chemical constituents and toxicity are still unavailable for some species belonging to this family, such as Euclasta condylotricha Steud (Eu. condylotricha). In this study, the chemical composition of the EOs of Eu. condylotricha flowers was evaluated by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The EOs larvicidal property was assessed against third instar larvae of three Anopheles gambiae laboratory strains (Kisumu, Acerkis and Kiskdr) according to the WHO standard protocol. The percentage yields of the EOs obtained from hydro distillation of Eu. condylotricha flowers varied 0.070 to 0.097%. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) applied to the EOs revealed fifty-five (55) chemical constituents, representing 94.95% to 97.78% of the total essential oils. Although different chemical profiles of the dominant terpenes were observed for each sample, EOs were generally dominated by sesquiterpenoids with juvenile hormones as the major compounds. The primary compounds were juvenile hormone C16 (JH III) (35.97-48.72%), Methyl farnesoate 10,11-diol (18.56-28.73%), tau-Cadinol (18.54%), and β-Eudesmene (12.75-13.46%). Eu. condylotricha EOs showed a strong larvicidal activity with LC50 values ranging from 35.21 to 52.34 ppm after 24 hours of exposition. This study showed that Eu. Condylotricha flowers essential oils are potent sources of juvenile hormones that could be a promising tool for developing an eco-friendly malaria vector control strategy.