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Intrinsic velocity differences between larynx raising and larynx lowering
In this study, 23 subjects produced cyclic transitions between rounded vowels and unrounded vowels as in /o-i-o-i-o-…/ at two specific speaking rates. Rounded vowels are typically produced with a lower larynx position than unrounded vowels. This contrast in vertical larynx position was further ampli...
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| Published in: | PloS one 2023-02, Vol.18 (2), p.e0281877 |
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| creator | Kleiner, Christian Häsner, Patrick Birkholz, Peter |
| description | In this study, 23 subjects produced cyclic transitions between rounded vowels and unrounded vowels as in /o-i-o-i-o-…/ at two specific speaking rates. Rounded vowels are typically produced with a lower larynx position than unrounded vowels. This contrast in vertical larynx position was further amplified by producing the unrounded vowels with a higher pitch than the rounded vowels. The vertical larynx movements of each subject were measured by means of object tracking in laryngeal ultrasound videos. The results indicate that larynx lowering was on average 26% faster than larynx raising, and that this velocity difference was more pronounced in woman than in men. Possible reasons for this are discussed with a focus on specific biomechanical properties. The results can help to interpret vertical larynx movements with regard to underlying neural control and aerodynamic conditions, and to improve movement models for articulatory speech synthesis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0281877 |
| format | article |
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Rounded vowels are typically produced with a lower larynx position than unrounded vowels. This contrast in vertical larynx position was further amplified by producing the unrounded vowels with a higher pitch than the rounded vowels. The vertical larynx movements of each subject were measured by means of object tracking in laryngeal ultrasound videos. The results indicate that larynx lowering was on average 26% faster than larynx raising, and that this velocity difference was more pronounced in woman than in men. Possible reasons for this are discussed with a focus on specific biomechanical properties. 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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>2023 Kleiner et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 Kleiner et al 2023 Kleiner et al</rights><rights>2023 Kleiner et al. 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diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Movement</topic><topic>Phonetics</topic><topic>Physical Sciences</topic><topic>Pitch</topic><topic>Realism</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Social Sciences</topic><topic>Speaking</topic><topic>Speech</topic><topic>Speech rate</topic><topic>Speech recognition</topic><topic>Speech synthesis</topic><topic>Thyroid gland</topic><topic>Ultrasonic imaging</topic><topic>Velocity</topic><topic>Vertical orientation</topic><topic>Videotape Recording</topic><topic>Vowels</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kleiner, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Häsner, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birkholz, Peter</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Journals</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kleiner, Christian</au><au>Häsner, Patrick</au><au>Birkholz, Peter</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Intrinsic velocity differences between larynx raising and larynx lowering</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2023-02-16</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e0281877</spage><pages>e0281877-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>In this study, 23 subjects produced cyclic transitions between rounded vowels and unrounded vowels as in /o-i-o-i-o-…/ at two specific speaking rates. Rounded vowels are typically produced with a lower larynx position than unrounded vowels. This contrast in vertical larynx position was further amplified by producing the unrounded vowels with a higher pitch than the rounded vowels. The vertical larynx movements of each subject were measured by means of object tracking in laryngeal ultrasound videos. The results indicate that larynx lowering was on average 26% faster than larynx raising, and that this velocity difference was more pronounced in woman than in men. Possible reasons for this are discussed with a focus on specific biomechanical properties. 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| subjects | Biology and Life Sciences Biomechanics Female Humans Kinematics Laryngology Larynx Larynx - diagnostic imaging Male Mechanical properties Medicine and Health Sciences Movement Phonetics Physical Sciences Pitch Realism Research and Analysis Methods Social Sciences Speaking Speech Speech rate Speech recognition Speech synthesis Thyroid gland Ultrasonic imaging Velocity Vertical orientation Videotape Recording Vowels |
| title | Intrinsic velocity differences between larynx raising and larynx lowering |
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