The impact of influenza vaccination on surgical outcomes in COVID-19 positive patients: An analysis of 43,580 patients

Multiple recent studies suggest a possible protective effect of the influenza vaccine against severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This effect has yet to be evaluated in surgical patients. This study utilizes a continuously updated federated electronic medical record (EMR) network (T...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2023-03, Vol.18 (3), p.e0281990-e0281990
Main Authors: Taghioff, Susan M, Slavin, Benjamin R, Mehra, Shefali, Holton, Tripp, Singh, Devinder
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Complications
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccines
Dehiscence
Diabetes mellitus
Disease
Dosage and administration
Electronic health records
Electronic medical records
Humans
Hypotheses
Hypothesis testing
Influence
Influenza
Influenza Vaccines
Influenza, Human
Medical records
Medicine and Health Sciences
Methods
Myocardial infarction
Pandemics
Patients
Postoperative
Public health
Retrospective Studies
SARS-CoV-2
Sepsis
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Statistical significance
Surgery
Surgical outcomes
Surgical site infections
Terminology
Thromboembolism
Thrombosis
Treatment Outcome
Vaccination
Vaccines
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Summary:Multiple recent studies suggest a possible protective effect of the influenza vaccine against severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This effect has yet to be evaluated in surgical patients. This study utilizes a continuously updated federated electronic medical record (EMR) network (TriNetX, Cambridge, MA) to analyze the influence of the influenza vaccine against post-operative complications in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients. The de-identified records of 73,341,020 patients globally were retrospectively screened. Two balanced cohorts totaling 43,580 surgical patients were assessed from January 2020-January 2021. Cohort One received the influenza vaccine six months-two weeks prior to SARS-CoV-2-positive diagnosis, while Cohort Two did not. Post-operative complications within 30, 60, 90, and 120 days of undergoing surgery were analyzed using common procedural terminology(CPT) codes. Outcomes were propensity score matched for characteristics including age, race, gender, diabetes, obesity, and smoking. SARS-CoV-2-positive patients receiving the influenza vaccine experienced significantly decreased risks of sepsis, deep vein thrombosis, dehiscence, acute myocardial infarction, surgical site infections, and death across multiple time points(p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0281990