Association between weight-adjusted-waist index and periodontitis risk: A cross-sectional study

• Published in: PloS one 2024-05, Vol.19 (5), p.e0302137-e0302137
• Main Author: Wu, Xinyu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Alcohol; Biology and Life Sciences; Body fat; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Chronic illnesses; Correlation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Curve fitting; Data collection; Demographics; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Disease control; Female; Gum disease; Humans; Inflammation; Informed consent; Investigations; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Nutrition; Nutrition Surveys; Obesity; Obesity - complications; Obesity - epidemiology; Periodontitis; Periodontitis - complications; Periodontitis - epidemiology; Quartiles; Regression analysis; Regression models; Research ethics; Review boards; Risk Factors; Secondary schools; Smoking; Social Sciences; Subgroups; Variables; Waist Circumference; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302137

There may be an association between obesity and periodontitis, yet no studies have investigated the correlation between the new obesity indicator, the weight-adjusted-waist Index (WWI), and periodontitis. This study aims to investigate the association between the novel obesity index, weight-adjusted-waist index, and periodontitis. WWI was utilized to assess obesity, through measuring waist circumference (WC) and body weight. We analyzed cross-sectional NHANES data from 2009 to 2014 (1) using multivariate logistic regression to explore WWI's association with moderate/severe periodontitis; (2) conducting subgroup analyses and interaction tests; and (3) fitting smoothed curves to the age-stratified logistic regression model. The study involved 11,256 individuals, with 48.55% having moderate/severe periodontitis. Upon adjusting for all relevant variables, a significant correlation between WWI and moderate/severe periodontitis was observed (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.17). Compared to the lowest quartile of WWI, there was a significant increase in the likelihood of moderate/severe periodontitis in Quartile 2 (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06-1.39) and Quartile 3 (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07-1.42). Subgroup analyses for gender, age, education, smoking, and diabetes highlighted a positive association between WWI and moderate/severe periodontitis in all subgroups, except for the diabetic population and individuals aged 65 years and older. The analysis revealed a positive correlation between WWI, a novel obesity index, and moderate/severe periodontitis prevalence through diverse modeling approaches.