Differences in gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and modulated reflection of light at 820 nm between two rhododendron cultivars under aluminum stress conditions

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is an important factor restricting the normal growth of plants in acidic soil. Rhododendron (Ericaceae) can grow relatively well in acidic soil. To uncover the adaptive mechanisms of photosynthesis under Al stress, the influence of Al stress on the photosynthetic activities of...

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Published in:PloS one 2024-06, Vol.19 (6), p.e0305133
Main Authors: Zhang, Jing, Xu, Yanxia, Lu, Kaixing, Gong, Zhengyu, Weng, Zhenming, Shu, Pengzhou, Chen, Yujia, Jin, Songheng, Li, Xueqin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidic soils
Acidification
Agricultural production
Aluminum
Aluminum - toxicity
Biology and Life Sciences
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide concentration
Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll - metabolism
Citrus
Citrus fruits
Cultivars
Earth sciences
Ecology and environmental sciences
Electron transport
Electron Transport - drug effects
Electron transport chain
Fluorescence
Gas exchange
Leaves
Light
Light reflection
Oxidation
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis - drug effects
Photosynthetic activity
Photosystem I
Photosystem I Protein Complex - metabolism
Photosystem II
Photosystem II Protein Complex - metabolism
Physical sciences
Plant growth
Plant Leaves - drug effects
Plant Leaves - metabolism
Plastocyanin
Rhododendron - metabolism
Seedlings
Stomata
Stomatal conductance
Stress
Stress, Physiological - drug effects
Toxicity
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container_end_page
container_issue 6
container_start_page e0305133
container_title PloS one
container_volume 19
creator Zhang, Jing
Xu, Yanxia
Lu, Kaixing
Gong, Zhengyu
Weng, Zhenming
Shu, Pengzhou
Chen, Yujia
Jin, Songheng
Li, Xueqin
description Aluminum (Al) toxicity is an important factor restricting the normal growth of plants in acidic soil. Rhododendron (Ericaceae) can grow relatively well in acidic soil. To uncover the adaptive mechanisms of photosynthesis under Al stress, the influence of Al stress on the photosynthetic activities of Al-sensitive (Baijinpao) and Al-resistant (Kangnaixin) rhododendron cultivars was examined by measuring gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and the modulated reflection of light at 820 nm. Under Al stress conditions, the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of the rhododendron leaves decreased, whereas the intercellular CO2 concentration increased. The Al stress treatment damaged the oxygen-evolving complex of the rhododendron seedlings, while also inhibiting electron transport on the photosystem II (PSII) donor side. In addition, the exposure to Al stress restricted the oxidation of plastocyanin (PC) and the photosystem I (PSI) reaction center (P700) and led to the re-reduction of PC+ and P700+. The comparison with Kangnaixin revealed an increase in the PSII connectivity in Baijinpao. Additionally, the donor-side electron transport efficiency was more inhibited and the overall activity of PSII, PSI, and the intersystem electron transport chain decreased more extensively in Baijinpao than in Kangnaixin. On the basis of the study findings, we concluded that Al stress adversely affects photosynthesis in rhododendron seedlings by significantly decreasing the activity of PSII and PSI. Under Al stress, Kangnaixin showed stronger tolerance compared with Baijinpao.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0305133
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Rhododendron (Ericaceae) can grow relatively well in acidic soil. To uncover the adaptive mechanisms of photosynthesis under Al stress, the influence of Al stress on the photosynthetic activities of Al-sensitive (Baijinpao) and Al-resistant (Kangnaixin) rhododendron cultivars was examined by measuring gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and the modulated reflection of light at 820 nm. Under Al stress conditions, the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of the rhododendron leaves decreased, whereas the intercellular CO2 concentration increased. The Al stress treatment damaged the oxygen-evolving complex of the rhododendron seedlings, while also inhibiting electron transport on the photosystem II (PSII) donor side. In addition, the exposure to Al stress restricted the oxidation of plastocyanin (PC) and the photosystem I (PSI) reaction center (P700) and led to the re-reduction of PC+ and P700+. The comparison with Kangnaixin revealed an increase in the PSII connectivity in Baijinpao. Additionally, the donor-side electron transport efficiency was more inhibited and the overall activity of PSII, PSI, and the intersystem electron transport chain decreased more extensively in Baijinpao than in Kangnaixin. On the basis of the study findings, we concluded that Al stress adversely affects photosynthesis in rhododendron seedlings by significantly decreasing the activity of PSII and PSI. 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Rhododendron (Ericaceae) can grow relatively well in acidic soil. To uncover the adaptive mechanisms of photosynthesis under Al stress, the influence of Al stress on the photosynthetic activities of Al-sensitive (Baijinpao) and Al-resistant (Kangnaixin) rhododendron cultivars was examined by measuring gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and the modulated reflection of light at 820 nm. Under Al stress conditions, the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of the rhododendron leaves decreased, whereas the intercellular CO2 concentration increased. The Al stress treatment damaged the oxygen-evolving complex of the rhododendron seedlings, while also inhibiting electron transport on the photosystem II (PSII) donor side. In addition, the exposure to Al stress restricted the oxidation of plastocyanin (PC) and the photosystem I (PSI) reaction center (P700) and led to the re-reduction of PC+ and P700+. The comparison with Kangnaixin revealed an increase in the PSII connectivity in Baijinpao. Additionally, the donor-side electron transport efficiency was more inhibited and the overall activity of PSII, PSI, and the intersystem electron transport chain decreased more extensively in Baijinpao than in Kangnaixin. On the basis of the study findings, we concluded that Al stress adversely affects photosynthesis in rhododendron seedlings by significantly decreasing the activity of PSII and PSI. Under Al stress, Kangnaixin showed stronger tolerance compared with Baijinpao.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>38935623</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0305133</doi><tpages>e0305133</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7848-8244</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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ispartof PloS one, 2024-06, Vol.19 (6), p.e0305133
issn 1932-6203
1932-6203
language eng
recordid cdi_plos_journals_3073137357
source PubMed (Medline); Publicly Available Content Database (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)
subjects Acidic soils
Acidification
Agricultural production
Aluminum
Aluminum - toxicity
Biology and Life Sciences
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide concentration
Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll - metabolism
Citrus
Citrus fruits
Cultivars
Earth sciences
Ecology and environmental sciences
Electron transport
Electron Transport - drug effects
Electron transport chain
Fluorescence
Gas exchange
Leaves
Light
Light reflection
Oxidation
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis - drug effects
Photosynthetic activity
Photosystem I
Photosystem I Protein Complex - metabolism
Photosystem II
Photosystem II Protein Complex - metabolism
Physical sciences
Plant growth
Plant Leaves - drug effects
Plant Leaves - metabolism
Plastocyanin
Rhododendron - metabolism
Seedlings
Stomata
Stomatal conductance
Stress
Stress, Physiological - drug effects
Toxicity
title Differences in gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and modulated reflection of light at 820 nm between two rhododendron cultivars under aluminum stress conditions
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