Effects of a passive upper-body exoskeleton on whole-body kinematics, leg muscle activity, and discomfort during a carrying task

• Published in: PloS one 2024-07, Vol.19 (7), p.e0304606
• Main Authors: Garcia, Gabriela, Arauz, Paul Gonzalo, Alvarez, Isabel, Encalada, Nicolas, Vega, Shirley, Baldo, Marco, Martin, Bernard J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Analysis; Ankle; Biology and Life Sciences; Biomechanical Phenomena; Body kinematics; Discomfort; Electromyography; Exoskeleton; Exoskeleton Device; Exoskeletons; Female; Females; Fourier transforms; Humans; Kinematics; Leg; Leg - physiology; Male; Males; Medicine and Health Sciences; Motion capture; Muscle fatigue; Muscle function; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology; Muscles; Musculoskeletal diseases; Pelvis; Physical Sciences; Range of motion; Range of Motion, Articular - physiology; Research and Analysis Methods; Sensors; Thorax; Weight-Bearing - physiology; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304606

To compare whole-body kinematics, leg muscle activity, and discomfort while performing a 10-min carrying task with and without a passive upper-body exoskeleton (CarrySuitⓇ), for both males and females. Diverse commercial passive exoskeletons have appeared on the market claiming to assist lifting or carrying task. However, evidence of their impact on kinematics, muscle activity, and discomfort while performing these tasks are necessary to determine their benefits and/or limitations. Sixteen females and fourteen males carried a 15kg load with and without a passive exoskeleton during 10-min over a round trip route, in two non-consecutive days. Whole-body kinematics and leg muscle activity were evaluated for each condition. In addition, leg discomfort ratings were quantified before and immediately after the task. The gastrocnemius and vastus lateralis muscle activity remained constant over the task with the exoskeleton. Without the exoskeleton a small decrease of gastrocnemius median activation was observed regardless of sex, and a small increase in static vastus lateralis activation was observed only for females. Several differences in sagittal, frontal, and transverse movements' ranges of motion were found between conditions and over the task. With the exoskeleton, ROM in the sagittal plane increased over time for the right ankle and pelvis for both sexes, and knees for males only. Thorax ROMs in the three planes were higher for females only when using the exoskeleton. Leg discomfort was lower with the exoskeleton than without. The results revealed a positive impact on range of motion, leg muscle activity, and discomfort of the tested exoskeleton.