Ethosuximide-loaded bismuth ferrite nanoparticles as a potential drug delivery system for the treatment of epilepsy disease

• Published in: PloS one 2024-09, Vol.19 (9), p.e0305335
• Main Authors: Guldorum, Yeliz, Ayran, Musa, Bulut, Burcak, Ilgar, Sule, Ulag, Songul, Kanli, Zehra, Aydin, Banu, Gulhan, Rezzan, Bedir, Tuba, Gunduz, Oguzhan, Narayan, Roger J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ammonia; Anticonvulsants - administration & dosage; Anticonvulsants - chemistry; Anticonvulsants - pharmacokinetics; Anticonvulsants - pharmacology; Antiepileptic agents; Biology and Life Sciences; Bismuth; Bismuth - chemistry; Bismuth ferrite; Blood-brain barrier; Brain research; Calorimetry; Care and treatment; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival - drug effects; Cell viability; Comparative analysis; Controlled release; Convulsions & seizures; Cytotoxicity; Differential scanning calorimetry; Diseases; Dosage and administration; Drug Carriers - chemistry; Drug delivery; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug efficacy; Drug Liberation; Drug therapy; Drugs; Electric fields; Electron microscopy; Engineering and Technology; Epilepsy; Epilepsy - drug therapy; Ethosuximide; Ethosuximide - administration & dosage; Ethosuximide - chemistry; Ethosuximide - pharmacology; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Ferric Compounds - chemistry; Fetuses; Fourier transforms; Germany; Health aspects; Humans; Investigations; Iron compounds; Medicine and Health Sciences; Methods; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Nanostructured materials; Nanotechnology; Nitrates; Particle size; Patient compliance; Patient outcomes; Physical Sciences; Research and Analysis Methods; Scanning electron microscopy; Seizures; Spectrum analysis; Sustained release; Thermal properties; Thermodynamic properties; Vehicles
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305335

Encapsulating antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including ethosuximide (Etho), into nanoparticles shows promise in treating epilepsy. Nanomedicine may be the most significant contributor to addressing this issue. It presents several advantages compared to traditional drug delivery methods and is currently a prominent area of focus in cancer research. Incorporating Etho into bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles within diverse controlled drug delivery systems is explored to enhance drug efficacy. This approach is primarily desired to aid in targeted drug delivery to the brain's deepest regions while limiting transplacental permeability, reducing fetal exposure, and mitigating associated adverse effects. In this investigation, we explored Etho, an antiepileptic drug commonly employed for treating absence seizures, as the active ingredient in BFO nanoparticles at varying concentrations (10 and 15 mg). Characterization of the drug-containing BFO nanoparticles involved scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental analysis. The thermal properties of the drug-containing BFO nanoparticles were evaluated via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. Cytotoxicity evaluations using the MTT assay were conducted on all nanoparticles, and human neuroblastoma cell line cultures (SH-SY5Y) were treated with each particle over multiple time intervals. Cell viability remained at 135% after 7 days when exposed to 15 mg of Etho in BFO nanoparticles. Additionally, in vitro drug release kinetics for Etho revealed sustained release lasting up to 5 hours with a drug concentration of 15 mg.