Yeast encapsulation of photosensitive insecticides increases toxicity against mosquito larvae while protecting microorganisms

An important defense against the deadly diseases that mosquitoes transmit is the application of insecticides that reduce mosquito populations. Unfortunately, the evolution and subsequent spread of insecticide resistance has decreased their efficacy. Therefore, new mosquito control strategies are nee...

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Published in:PloS one 2024-10, Vol.19 (10), p.e0310177
Main Authors: Meier, Cole J, Wrobleski, Veronica R, Hillyer, Julián F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum
Animals
Anopheles - drug effects
Anopheles gambiae
Aquatic insects
Biocompatibility
Biology and Life Sciences
Control
Curcumin
Curcumin - chemistry
Curcumin - pharmacology
E coli
Effectiveness
Encapsulation
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli - drug effects
Ethanol
Evaluation
Ingestion
Insect control
Insecticide resistance
Insecticides
Insecticides - chemistry
Insecticides - pharmacology
Insecticides - toxicity
Larva - drug effects
Larvae
Larvicides
Light
Medicine and Health Sciences
Methylene blue
Methylene Blue - pharmacology
Microorganisms
Mosquito Control - methods
Mosquitoes
Oxidation resistance
Pesticide resistance
Photodegradation
Photosensitivity
Photosensitizing Agents - chemistry
Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology
Phototoxicity
Physical Sciences
Research and Analysis Methods
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - drug effects
Testing
Toxic diseases
Toxicity
Water
Yeast
Yeast fungi
Yeasts
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Wrobleski, Veronica R
Hillyer, Julián F
description An important defense against the deadly diseases that mosquitoes transmit is the application of insecticides that reduce mosquito populations. Unfortunately, the evolution and subsequent spread of insecticide resistance has decreased their efficacy. Therefore, new mosquito control strategies are needed. One class of larvicides, known as photosensitive insecticides, or PSIs, kills larvae via light-activated oxidative damage. PSIs are promising larvicides because of their high larvicidal efficacy, rapid photodegradation, inexpensive cost, and mechanism that is dissimilar to other insecticide classes. We explored a novel delivery strategy for increasing both the larvicidal efficiency and environmental biocompatibility of PSIs, known as yeast encapsulation. Using the PSIs, curcumin and methylene blue, we measured the survival of Anopheles gambiae larvae and Escherichia coli following exposure to either non-encapsulated or yeast-encapsulated PSIs and a photoperiod. Yeast encapsulation increased the phototoxicity of both curcumin and methylene blue against mosquito larvae, likely by increasing ingestion. Furthermore, yeast encapsulation protected E. coli from the phototoxicity of yeast-encapsulated curcumin, but not yeast-encapsulated methylene blue. Yeast encapsulation increases the larvicidal efficacy of a PSI while also increasing biocompatibility. Therefore, yeast encapsulation of PSIs is a promising insecticide delivery strategy for mosquito control.
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Unfortunately, the evolution and subsequent spread of insecticide resistance has decreased their efficacy. Therefore, new mosquito control strategies are needed. One class of larvicides, known as photosensitive insecticides, or PSIs, kills larvae via light-activated oxidative damage. PSIs are promising larvicides because of their high larvicidal efficacy, rapid photodegradation, inexpensive cost, and mechanism that is dissimilar to other insecticide classes. We explored a novel delivery strategy for increasing both the larvicidal efficiency and environmental biocompatibility of PSIs, known as yeast encapsulation. Using the PSIs, curcumin and methylene blue, we measured the survival of Anopheles gambiae larvae and Escherichia coli following exposure to either non-encapsulated or yeast-encapsulated PSIs and a photoperiod. Yeast encapsulation increased the phototoxicity of both curcumin and methylene blue against mosquito larvae, likely by increasing ingestion. Furthermore, yeast encapsulation protected E. coli from the phototoxicity of yeast-encapsulated curcumin, but not yeast-encapsulated methylene blue. Yeast encapsulation increases the larvicidal efficacy of a PSI while also increasing biocompatibility. 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subjects Aluminum
Animals
Anopheles - drug effects
Anopheles gambiae
Aquatic insects
Biocompatibility
Biology and Life Sciences
Control
Curcumin
Curcumin - chemistry
Curcumin - pharmacology
E coli
Effectiveness
Encapsulation
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli - drug effects
Ethanol
Evaluation
Ingestion
Insect control
Insecticide resistance
Insecticides
Insecticides - chemistry
Insecticides - pharmacology
Insecticides - toxicity
Larva - drug effects
Larvae
Larvicides
Light
Medicine and Health Sciences
Methylene blue
Methylene Blue - pharmacology
Microorganisms
Mosquito Control - methods
Mosquitoes
Oxidation resistance
Pesticide resistance
Photodegradation
Photosensitivity
Photosensitizing Agents - chemistry
Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology
Phototoxicity
Physical Sciences
Research and Analysis Methods
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - drug effects
Testing
Toxic diseases
Toxicity
Water
Yeast
Yeast fungi
Yeasts
title Yeast encapsulation of photosensitive insecticides increases toxicity against mosquito larvae while protecting microorganisms
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