Wiped out by an earthquake? The 'extinct' Taiwanese swallowtail butterfly (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) was morphologically and genetically distinct

For the first time, we obtained for the first time a COI DNA barcode from museum specimens of the Old World swallowtail butterfly endemic to Taiwan, Papilio machaon ssp. sylvina, that has disappeared since the devastating Jiji earthquake in 1999 that shook Central Taiwan. We demonstrate that this po...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2024-11, Vol.19 (11), p.e0310318
Main Authors: Nazari, Vazrick, Yen, Shen-Horn, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Shapoval, Galina, Shapoval, Nazar, Todisco, Valentina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bar codes
Biology and Life Sciences
Butterflies
Butterflies & moths
Butterflies - genetics
Computer and Information Sciences
DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
Earth Sciences
Earthquakes
Electron Transport Complex IV - genetics
Endangered & extinct species
Environmental aspects
Extinct birds
Female
Gene sequencing
Haplotypes
Identification and classification
Islands
Life history
Male
Medicine and Health Sciences
Morphology
Museums
People and Places
Phylogeny
Protection and preservation
Public domain
Seismic activity
Taiwan
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Summary:For the first time, we obtained for the first time a COI DNA barcode from museum specimens of the Old World swallowtail butterfly endemic to Taiwan, Papilio machaon ssp. sylvina, that has disappeared since the devastating Jiji earthquake in 1999 that shook Central Taiwan. We demonstrate that this population was not only phenotypically distinct, but also had a unique mitochondrial haplotype among all other Holarctic populations of P. machaon. The life history of P. m. sylvina from rearing experiments carried out in the 1990s is illustrated and discussed.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0310318