Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase Is Necessary for Embryo Implantation in the Domestic Ferret

The mechanism of implantation in carnivores is poorly understood. However, a previously unidentified 60-kDa protein has been shown to be necessary for embryo implantation in ferrets. Here we identify this protein as glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI). GPI is expressed by the corpus luteum on days 6...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2003-07, Vol.100 (14), p.8561-8566
Main Authors: Schulz, Laura Clamon, Bahr, Janice M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Antibodies
Base Sequence
Biological Sciences
Blood plasma
Carnivores
Cell Movement
Chickens
Corpus Luteum - enzymology
Embryo implantation
Embryo Implantation - physiology
Embryo Transfer
Embryos
Female
Ferrets
Ferrets - physiology
Gels
Glucose
Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase - genetics
Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase - immunology
Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase - physiology
Immunization, Passive
Male
Molecular Sequence Data
Mustela putorius furo
Ovariectomy
Pregnancy
Pseudopregnancy
Rabbits
Sequence Alignment
Sequence Homology
Sequencing
Species Specificity
Time Factors
Uterus
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Summary:The mechanism of implantation in carnivores is poorly understood. However, a previously unidentified 60-kDa protein has been shown to be necessary for embryo implantation in ferrets. Here we identify this protein as glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI). GPI is expressed by the corpus luteum on days 6-9 of pregnancy, the time at which implantation-promoting activity has been found in corpora lutea. Passive immunization against GPI reduced the number of implantation sites in pregnant ferrets in a dose-dependent manner. GPI is a multifunctional protein. Although first identified for its role in glycolysis, GPI has since been implicated in neural growth, lymphocyte maturation, and metastasis. This study demonstrates a previously uncharacterized function of this protein that may represent the natural motility-stimulating activity that has been co-opted by tumor cells.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1531024100