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An Unexpected Requirement for Brain-Type Sodium Channels for Control of Heart Rate in the Mouse Sinoatrial Node
Voltage-gated Na+ channels are composed of pore-forming α and auxiliary β subunits. The majority of Na+ channels in the heart contain tetrodotoxin (TTX)-insensitive $Na_v1.5\>\alpha$ subunits, but TTX-sensitive brain-type Na+ channel α subunits are present and functionally important in the transv...
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Published in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2003-03, Vol.100 (6), p.3507-3512 |
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description | Voltage-gated Na+ channels are composed of pore-forming α and auxiliary β subunits. The majority of Na+ channels in the heart contain tetrodotoxin (TTX)-insensitive $Na_v1.5\>\alpha$ subunits, but TTX-sensitive brain-type Na+ channel α subunits are present and functionally important in the transverse tubules of ventricular myocytes. Sinoatrial (SA) nodal cells were identified in cardiac tissue sections by staining for connexin 43 (which is expressed in atrial tissue but not in SA node), and Na+ channel localization was analyzed by immunocytochemical staining with subtype-specific antibodies and confocal microscopy. Brain-type TTX-sensitive Nav1.1 and $Na_v1.3\>\alpha$ subunits and all four β subunits were present in mouse SA node, but $Na_v1.5\>\alpha$ subunits were not. $Na_v1.1\>\alpha$ subunits were also present in rat SA node. Isolated mouse hearts were retrogradely perfused in a Langendorff preparation, and electrocardiograms were recorded. Spontaneous heart rate and cycle length were constant, and heart rate variability was small under control conditions. In contrast, in the presence of 100 nM TTX to block TTX-sensitive Na+ channels specifically, we observed a significant reduction in spontaneous heart rate and markedly greater heart rate variability, similar to sick-sinus syndrome in man. We hypothesize that brain-type Na+ channels are required because their more positive voltage dependence of inactivation allows them to function at the depolarized membrane potential of SA nodal cells. Our results demonstrate an important contribution of TTX-sensitive brain-type Na+ channels to SA nodal automaticity in mouse heart and suggest that they may also contribute to SA nodal function and dysfunction in human heart. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.2627986100 |
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G. Maier ; Westenbroek, Ruth E. ; Yamanushi, T. T. ; Dobrzynski, H. ; Boyett, Mark R. ; Catterall, William A. ; Scheuer, Todd</creator><creatorcontrib>Sebastian K. G. Maier ; Westenbroek, Ruth E. ; Yamanushi, T. T. ; Dobrzynski, H. ; Boyett, Mark R. ; Catterall, William A. ; Scheuer, Todd</creatorcontrib><description>Voltage-gated Na+ channels are composed of pore-forming α and auxiliary β subunits. The majority of Na+ channels in the heart contain tetrodotoxin (TTX)-insensitive $Na_v1.5\>\alpha$ subunits, but TTX-sensitive brain-type Na+ channel α subunits are present and functionally important in the transverse tubules of ventricular myocytes. Sinoatrial (SA) nodal cells were identified in cardiac tissue sections by staining for connexin 43 (which is expressed in atrial tissue but not in SA node), and Na+ channel localization was analyzed by immunocytochemical staining with subtype-specific antibodies and confocal microscopy. Brain-type TTX-sensitive Nav1.1 and $Na_v1.3\>\alpha$ subunits and all four β subunits were present in mouse SA node, but $Na_v1.5\>\alpha$ subunits were not. $Na_v1.1\>\alpha$ subunits were also present in rat SA node. Isolated mouse hearts were retrogradely perfused in a Langendorff preparation, and electrocardiograms were recorded. Spontaneous heart rate and cycle length were constant, and heart rate variability was small under control conditions. In contrast, in the presence of 100 nM TTX to block TTX-sensitive Na+ channels specifically, we observed a significant reduction in spontaneous heart rate and markedly greater heart rate variability, similar to sick-sinus syndrome in man. We hypothesize that brain-type Na+ channels are required because their more positive voltage dependence of inactivation allows them to function at the depolarized membrane potential of SA nodal cells. Our results demonstrate an important contribution of TTX-sensitive brain-type Na+ channels to SA nodal automaticity in mouse heart and suggest that they may also contribute to SA nodal function and dysfunction in human heart.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2627986100</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12631690</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject>Action potentials ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Biological Sciences ; Brain ; Brain - metabolism ; Cardiac arrhythmia ; Connexins ; Control groups ; Electrocardiography ; Heart ; Heart rate ; Heart Rate - drug effects ; Heart Rate - physiology ; Illustration ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Mice ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Perfusion ; Protein Subunits ; Rodents ; Sinoatrial Node - physiology ; Sodium ; Sodium Channels - chemistry ; Sodium Channels - metabolism ; T tests ; Tetrodotoxin - toxicity ; Tissue Distribution</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2003-03, Vol.100 (6), p.3507-3512</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1993-2003 National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</rights><rights>Copyright National Academy of Sciences Mar 18, 2003</rights><rights>Copyright © 2003, The National Academy of Sciences 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-b275edbf1a727907f093a08748fb89b833a3e4385def56ac4532abdd6a61ca9b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-b275edbf1a727907f093a08748fb89b833a3e4385def56ac4532abdd6a61ca9b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/100/6.cover.gif</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3139390$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3139390$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793,58238,58471</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12631690$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sebastian K. G. Maier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Westenbroek, Ruth E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamanushi, T. T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dobrzynski, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boyett, Mark R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Catterall, William A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scheuer, Todd</creatorcontrib><title>An Unexpected Requirement for Brain-Type Sodium Channels for Control of Heart Rate in the Mouse Sinoatrial Node</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</title><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><description>Voltage-gated Na+ channels are composed of pore-forming α and auxiliary β subunits. The majority of Na+ channels in the heart contain tetrodotoxin (TTX)-insensitive $Na_v1.5\>\alpha$ subunits, but TTX-sensitive brain-type Na+ channel α subunits are present and functionally important in the transverse tubules of ventricular myocytes. Sinoatrial (SA) nodal cells were identified in cardiac tissue sections by staining for connexin 43 (which is expressed in atrial tissue but not in SA node), and Na+ channel localization was analyzed by immunocytochemical staining with subtype-specific antibodies and confocal microscopy. Brain-type TTX-sensitive Nav1.1 and $Na_v1.3\>\alpha$ subunits and all four β subunits were present in mouse SA node, but $Na_v1.5\>\alpha$ subunits were not. $Na_v1.1\>\alpha$ subunits were also present in rat SA node. Isolated mouse hearts were retrogradely perfused in a Langendorff preparation, and electrocardiograms were recorded. Spontaneous heart rate and cycle length were constant, and heart rate variability was small under control conditions. In contrast, in the presence of 100 nM TTX to block TTX-sensitive Na+ channels specifically, we observed a significant reduction in spontaneous heart rate and markedly greater heart rate variability, similar to sick-sinus syndrome in man. We hypothesize that brain-type Na+ channels are required because their more positive voltage dependence of inactivation allows them to function at the depolarized membrane potential of SA nodal cells. 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G. Maier</au><au>Westenbroek, Ruth E.</au><au>Yamanushi, T. T.</au><au>Dobrzynski, H.</au><au>Boyett, Mark R.</au><au>Catterall, William A.</au><au>Scheuer, Todd</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An Unexpected Requirement for Brain-Type Sodium Channels for Control of Heart Rate in the Mouse Sinoatrial Node</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><date>2003-03-18</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>100</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>3507</spage><epage>3512</epage><pages>3507-3512</pages><issn>0027-8424</issn><eissn>1091-6490</eissn><abstract>Voltage-gated Na+ channels are composed of pore-forming α and auxiliary β subunits. The majority of Na+ channels in the heart contain tetrodotoxin (TTX)-insensitive $Na_v1.5\>\alpha$ subunits, but TTX-sensitive brain-type Na+ channel α subunits are present and functionally important in the transverse tubules of ventricular myocytes. Sinoatrial (SA) nodal cells were identified in cardiac tissue sections by staining for connexin 43 (which is expressed in atrial tissue but not in SA node), and Na+ channel localization was analyzed by immunocytochemical staining with subtype-specific antibodies and confocal microscopy. Brain-type TTX-sensitive Nav1.1 and $Na_v1.3\>\alpha$ subunits and all four β subunits were present in mouse SA node, but $Na_v1.5\>\alpha$ subunits were not. $Na_v1.1\>\alpha$ subunits were also present in rat SA node. Isolated mouse hearts were retrogradely perfused in a Langendorff preparation, and electrocardiograms were recorded. Spontaneous heart rate and cycle length were constant, and heart rate variability was small under control conditions. In contrast, in the presence of 100 nM TTX to block TTX-sensitive Na+ channels specifically, we observed a significant reduction in spontaneous heart rate and markedly greater heart rate variability, similar to sick-sinus syndrome in man. We hypothesize that brain-type Na+ channels are required because their more positive voltage dependence of inactivation allows them to function at the depolarized membrane potential of SA nodal cells. Our results demonstrate an important contribution of TTX-sensitive brain-type Na+ channels to SA nodal automaticity in mouse heart and suggest that they may also contribute to SA nodal function and dysfunction in human heart.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Academy of Sciences</pub><pmid>12631690</pmid><doi>10.1073/pnas.2627986100</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Action potentials Animals Antibodies Biological Sciences Brain Brain - metabolism Cardiac arrhythmia Connexins Control groups Electrocardiography Heart Heart rate Heart Rate - drug effects Heart Rate - physiology Illustration Immunohistochemistry In Vitro Techniques Male Mice Microscopy, Confocal Perfusion Protein Subunits Rodents Sinoatrial Node - physiology Sodium Sodium Channels - chemistry Sodium Channels - metabolism T tests Tetrodotoxin - toxicity Tissue Distribution |
title | An Unexpected Requirement for Brain-Type Sodium Channels for Control of Heart Rate in the Mouse Sinoatrial Node |
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