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The Phasevarion: A Genetic System Controlling Coordinated, Random Switching of Expression of Multiple Genes
Several host-adapted bacterial pathogens contain methyltransferases associated with type III restriction-modification (R-M) systems that are subject to reversible, high-frequency on/off switching of expression (phase variation). To investigate the role of phase-variable expression of R-M systems, we...
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| Published in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2005-04, Vol.102 (15), p.5547-5551 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Language: | English |
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| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c592t-22e77bd3a036cf6ae1fcac20de982b800e4dd23ddcdeb6dbf7917193417564d53 |
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| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c592t-22e77bd3a036cf6ae1fcac20de982b800e4dd23ddcdeb6dbf7917193417564d53 |
| container_end_page | 5551 |
| container_issue | 15 |
| container_start_page | 5547 |
| container_title | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS |
| container_volume | 102 |
| creator | Srikhanta, Yogitha N. Maguire, Tina L. Stacey, Katryn J. Grimmond, Sean M. Jennings, Michael P. Adhya, Sankar |
| description | Several host-adapted bacterial pathogens contain methyltransferases associated with type III restriction-modification (R-M) systems that are subject to reversible, high-frequency on/off switching of expression (phase variation). To investigate the role of phase-variable expression of R-M systems, we made a mutant strain lacking the methyltransferase (mod) associated with a type III R-M system of Haemophilus influenzae and analyzed its phenotype. By microarray analysis, we identified a number of genes that were either up- or down-regulated in the mod mutant strain. This system reports the coordinated random switching of a set of genes in a bacterial pathogen and may represent a widely used mechanism. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.0501169102 |
| format | article |
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To investigate the role of phase-variable expression of R-M systems, we made a mutant strain lacking the methyltransferase (mod) associated with a type III R-M system of Haemophilus influenzae and analyzed its phenotype. By microarray analysis, we identified a number of genes that were either up- or down-regulated in the mod mutant strain. 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To investigate the role of phase-variable expression of R-M systems, we made a mutant strain lacking the methyltransferase (mod) associated with a type III R-M system of Haemophilus influenzae and analyzed its phenotype. By microarray analysis, we identified a number of genes that were either up- or down-regulated in the mod mutant strain. This system reports the coordinated random switching of a set of genes in a bacterial pathogen and may represent a widely used mechanism.</description><subject>Bacterial Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subject>Codon, Initiator - genetics</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA Methylation</subject><subject>DNA Modification Methylases - genetics</subject><subject>DNA, Bacterial - genetics</subject><subject>DNA, Bacterial - metabolism</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Experimental procedures</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Profiling</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial - genetics</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genes, Bacterial - genetics</subject><subject>Genetic variation</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Haemophilus influenzae</subject><subject>Haemophilus influenzae - cytology</subject><subject>Haemophilus influenzae - enzymology</subject><subject>Haemophilus influenzae - genetics</subject><subject>Haemophilus influenzae - immunology</subject><subject>Heat shock proteins</subject><subject>Heat-Shock Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Heat-Shock Response</subject><subject>Host-Parasite Interactions</subject><subject>Macrophage Activation</subject><subject>Methylation</subject><subject>Mutation - genetics</subject><subject>Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis</subject><subject>Open reading frames</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>RNA</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkc1v1DAQxSMEokvhzAVBxKHiQFp_xU6QOFSrUpCKQLScLSeedL0kdmo7_fjvcdhVFzjAaWzN7z3NzMuy5xgdYiTo0WhVOEQlwpjXGJEH2QKjGhec1ehhtkCIiKJihO1lT0JYI4TqskKPsz2cCmECL7IfFyvIv65UgGvljbPv8uP8FCxE0-bndyHCkC-djd71vbGX6e28NlZF0G_zb8pqN-TnNya2q7nruvzkdvQQQnKaf5-nPpqxh1-W4Wn2qFN9gGfbup99_3BysfxYnH05_bQ8PivasiaxIASEaDRViPK24wpw16qWIA11RZoKIWBaE6p1q6HhuulEjQWuKcOi5EyXdD97v_Edp2YA3UKaX_Vy9GZQ_k46ZeSfHWtW8tJdy7LkpBRJf7DVe3c1QYhyMKGFvlcW3BQkF4IKWvP_gliwmhNBE_j6L3DtJm_TESRBmOGSsSpBRxuo9S4ED939xBjJOW05py13aSfFy98X3fHbeBPwZgvMyp0dSUjalgnZTX0f4TYm9NW_0US82BDrEJ2_RygVJao4_QlQYskX</recordid><startdate>20050412</startdate><enddate>20050412</enddate><creator>Srikhanta, Yogitha N.</creator><creator>Maguire, Tina L.</creator><creator>Stacey, Katryn J.</creator><creator>Grimmond, Sean M.</creator><creator>Jennings, Michael P.</creator><creator>Adhya, Sankar</creator><general>National Academy of Sciences</general><general>National Acad Sciences</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050412</creationdate><title>The Phasevarion: A Genetic System Controlling Coordinated, Random Switching of Expression of Multiple Genes</title><author>Srikhanta, Yogitha N. ; 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| ispartof | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2005-04, Vol.102 (15), p.5547-5551 |
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| source | PubMed Central; JSTOR |
| subjects | Bacterial Proteins - genetics Biological Sciences Codon, Initiator - genetics DNA DNA Methylation DNA Modification Methylases - genetics DNA, Bacterial - genetics DNA, Bacterial - metabolism Enzymes Experimental procedures Gene expression Gene Expression Profiling Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial - genetics Genes Genes, Bacterial - genetics Genetic variation Genetics Haemophilus influenzae Haemophilus influenzae - cytology Haemophilus influenzae - enzymology Haemophilus influenzae - genetics Haemophilus influenzae - immunology Heat shock proteins Heat-Shock Proteins - genetics Heat-Shock Response Host-Parasite Interactions Macrophage Activation Methylation Mutation - genetics Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Open reading frames Pathogens Phenotype Polymerase chain reaction RNA |
| title | The Phasevarion: A Genetic System Controlling Coordinated, Random Switching of Expression of Multiple Genes |
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