Island colonization and evolution of the insular woody habit in Echium L. (Boraginaceae)

Numerous island-inhabiting species of predominantly herbaceous angiosperm genera are woody shrubs or trees. Such "insular woodiness" is strongly manifested in the genus Echium, in which the continental species of circummediterranean distribution are herbaceous, whereas endemic species of i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 1996-10, Vol.93 (21), p.11740-11745
Main Authors: Bohle, U.R, Hilger, H.H, Martin, W.F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological
Archipelagos
Base Sequence
Biological Evolution
Biological taxonomies
Boraginaceae
Candelabras
cape verde archipelago
chloroplast DNA
DNA
DNA Primers
Echium
Europe
Evolution
Flowers & plants
genbank/l43165
genbank/l43166
genbank/l43167
genbank/l43168
genbank/l43169
genbank/l43170
genbank/l43171
genbank/l43172
genbank/l43173
genbank/l43174
genbank/l43175
genbank/l43176
genbank/l43177
genbank/l43178
genbank/l43179
genbank/l43180
genbank/l43181
genbank/l43182
genbank/l43183
genbank/l43184
genbank/l43185
genbank/l43186
genbank/l43187
genbank/l43188
genbank/l43189
genbank/l43190
genbank/l43191
genbank/l43192
genbank/l43193
genbank/l43194
genetic polymorphism
Geography
habit
Herbs
informative indels
intergenic DNA
Introns
islands
macaronesia
Mediterranean Islands
Molecular Sequence Data
nuclear genome
nucleotide sequences
Perennials
Phylogeny
phytogeography
plant colonization
Plant Physiological Phenomena
Plants
Plants - classification
Plants - genetics
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Selection, Genetic
Speciation
Trees
We they distinction
woodiness
woody plants
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Description
Summary:Numerous island-inhabiting species of predominantly herbaceous angiosperm genera are woody shrubs or trees. Such "insular woodiness" is strongly manifested in the genus Echium, in which the continental species of circummediterranean distribution are herbaceous, whereas endemic species of islands along the Atlantic coast of north Africa are woody perennial shrubs. The history of 37 Echium species was traced with 70 kb of noncoding DNA determined from both chloroplast and nuclear genomes. In all, 239 polymorphic positions with 137 informative sites, in addition to 27 informative indels, were found. Island-dwelling Echium species are shown to descend from herbaceous continental ancestors via a single island colonization event that occurred
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.93.21.11740