Changes in kinematics and trunk electromyography during a 2000m race simulation in elite female rowers

• Published in: Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 2012-08, Vol.22 (4), p.478
• Main Authors: Pollock, C. L, Jones, I. C, Jenkyn, T. R, Ivanova, T. D, Garland, S. J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Athletes; Females; Kinematics; Musculoskeletal system; Rowing
• ISSN: 0905-7188; 1600-0838
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01249.x

Achieving excellence in rowing requires optimization of technique to maximize efficiency and force production. Investigation of the kinematics of the trunk, upper and lower extremity, together with muscle activity of the trunk, provides an insight into the motor control strategies utilized over a typical race. Nine elite female rowers performed a 2000m race simulation. Kinematic data of the trunk and extremities, together with electromyography (EMG) activity of spinal and pelvic extensor and flexor muscles, were compared at 250 and 1500m. At 1500m, there was greater dissociation in the timing of leg extension and arm flexion and delayed trunk extension. Also at 1500m, the spine demonstrated a delayed peak extension angular velocity of the T4-T7 and L3-S1 spinal segments in the early drive along with delayed and increased peak extension angular velocity of T10-L1 and L1-L3 spinal segments during the late drive. Trunk muscle fatigue was not evident; however, the abdominals demonstrated larger EMG burst areas at 1500m. Alterations in trunk kinematics suggest that the trunk acts as a less stiff lever on which to transfer the forces of the legs to the arms and handle. Increased abdominal activity may reflect increased demand to control the trunk, given the altered coordination between the legs, trunk and arms. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]