X-Ray Measurement of Strain in Quartz Particles of Whiteware Bodies

• Published in: Journal of the American Ceramic Society 1968-08, Vol.51 (8), p.458-465
• Main Authors: CUCKA, PAUL, OLIVA, R. F.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0002-7820; 1551-2916
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1968.tb11920.x

Work on internal stresses in whitewares caused by differential thermal expansion of the crystalline and vitreous components is reviewed briefly. Thermoelastic strains in the quartz of four whiteware bodies containing mono‐disperse quartz particles 2 to 4, 6 to 9, 20 to 27, and 44 to 54p in diameter, respectively, at concentrations of approximately 20 wt% were measured by X‐ray diffraction. A high‐temperature technique, involving measurement of dllo, d110, d201, and d211 spacings at 25° and 650° C using Mo Kα, Cu Kα, and Fe Kα radiations, and a room‐temperature technique using these radiations plus Cr Kα gave consistent results in agreement with theoretical predictions of the effect of nonuniformity of stress in particles near the sample surface. Strain determinations on powdered samples and changes in line shapes with temperature indicate that the measured strains were due to thermoelastic stress. The measured stresses were 4200 kg/cm2 parallel to the quartz c axis and 5700 kg/cm2 parallel to the quartz a axis. The stresses in the body containing the largest particle size quartz may be somewhat lower because of the formation of cracks.