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Novel Laboratory Tests in Assessment of Liver Function in Acute and Chronic Liver Diseases

Liver biopsy in clinical practice has been widely used for the diagnosis and management of patients with liver diseases, particularly, with chronic liver diseases. However, liver biopsy is an invasive method with potential complications, sampling and interpretation errors. Therefore, noninvasive tes...

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Published in:Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B, Natural Sciences Natural Sciences, 2009-01, Vol.63 (4-5), p.228-233
Main Authors: Vīksna, Ludmila, Keišs, Jāzeps, Sočņevs, Artūrs, Rozentāle, Baiba, Pilmane, Māra, Sevastjanova, Natālija, Buiķe, Inita, Jēruma, Agita, Eglīte, Elena, Ābeltiņa, Kristīne, Sondore, Valentīna
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Language:English
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Summary:Liver biopsy in clinical practice has been widely used for the diagnosis and management of patients with liver diseases, particularly, with chronic liver diseases. However, liver biopsy is an invasive method with potential complications, sampling and interpretation errors. Therefore, noninvasive tests are being developed and introduced to replace liver biopsy. The aim of the present study was to identify the new noninvasive methods to be used for the assessment of liver structure and function, by use of the appropriate serum surrogate markers and to evaluate the clinical diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of these methods, including immunogenetic methods, in cases of acute and chronic liver diseases. The obtained data showed that serum markers of apoptosis (cytokeratin-18 neoepitope and citochrome c) and fibrosis (hyaluronic acid) should be included in viral and toxic liver damage management algorithms. The punctual identification of immunogenetic factors (HLA class II antigens) may prove to be useful in predicting disease evolution, and in guiding the appropriate therapy for patients with poor prognosis. Klīniskajā praksē plaši tiek izmantota aknu biopsija aknu slimību, īpaši hronisko, diagnostikā. Taču punkcijas biopsija ir invazīva metode, pacientam iespējamas komplikācijas, nav izslēgtas neveiksmīgas aknu audu paraugu paņemšanas vietas un aknu audu morfologiskās izpētes rezultātu interpretācijas kļūdas. Pētījuma mērķis bija identificēt jaunas, neinvazīvas metodes aknu struktūras un funkcijas novērtēšanai akūtu un hronisku aknu slimību gadījumos, izmantojot atbilstošus seruma marķierus, kā arī novērtēt šo metožu (ieskaitot imūnēnētiskās) diagnostisko un prognostisko precizitāti un nozīmību. Iegūtie rezultāti parādīja, ka apoptozes (citokeratīna-18 neoepitops, citohroms c) un fibrozes (hialuronskābe) marķieru kvantitatīva noteikšana asins serumā jāiekļauj virusālo un toksisko aknu bojājumu menedžmenta algoritmā. Precīza imūnēnētisko faktoru (HLA II klases antigēnu) identifikācija var būt visai noderīga aknu slimību gaitas prognozēšanā un to adekvātas terapijas izvēlē.
ISSN:1407-009X
2255-890X
DOI:10.2478/v10046-009-0035-4