Laryngeal paralysis in dogs: An update on recent knowledge

Laryngeal paralysis is the effect of an inability to abduct the arytenoid cartilages duringinspiration, resulting in respiratory signs consistent with partial airway obstruction. Theaetiology of the disease can be congenital (hereditary laryngeal paralysis or congenitalpolyneuropathy), or acquired (...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 2013-01, Vol.84 (1), p.1
Main Authors: Kitshoff, Adriaan M, Van Goethem, Bart, Stegen, Ludo, Vandekerckhove, Peter, de Rooster, Hilde
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Diseases
Dogs
Health aspects
Laryngeal diseases
Paralysis
Physiological aspects
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Summary:Laryngeal paralysis is the effect of an inability to abduct the arytenoid cartilages duringinspiration, resulting in respiratory signs consistent with partial airway obstruction. Theaetiology of the disease can be congenital (hereditary laryngeal paralysis or congenitalpolyneuropathy), or acquired (trauma, neoplasia, polyneuropathy, endocrinopathy). Themost common form of acquired laryngeal paralysis (LP) is typically seen in old, large breeddogs and is a clinical manifestation of a generalised peripheral polyneuropathy recentlyreferred to as geriatric onset laryngeal paralysis polyneuropathy. Diagnosing LP based onclinical signs, breed and history has a very high sensitivity (90%) and can be confirmed bylaryngeal inspection. Prognosis after surgical correction depends on the aetiology: traumaticcases have a good prognosis, whereas tumour-induced or polyneuropathy-induced LP has aguarded prognosis. Acquired idiopathic LP is a slow progressive disease, with dogs reachingmedian survival times of 3–5 years after surgical correction.
ISSN:1019-9128
2224-9435
DOI:10.4102/jsava.v84i1.909