Demographic risk factors affecting emergency room visits caused by benzodiazepine poisoning in Kansas City, Missouri, from 2001 to 2007

Objective  The study objective was to identify demographic risk factors associated with emergency room visits caused by benzodiazepine poisoning. Methods  A retrospective study was conducted utilizing Missouri Hospital Discharge Data for Kansas City, Missouri, USA, for 2001–2007. The data included p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The International journal of pharmacy practice 2011-06, Vol.19 (3), p.166-170
Main Authors: Liu, Yifei, Cai, Jinwen, Hoff, Gerald L., Hong, Liang, Okah, Felix A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines - poisoning
Child
emergency room
Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data
Female
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Middle Aged
Missouri
poisoning
Retrospective Studies
risk factor
Risk Factors
Time Factors
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Summary:Objective  The study objective was to identify demographic risk factors associated with emergency room visits caused by benzodiazepine poisoning. Methods  A retrospective study was conducted utilizing Missouri Hospital Discharge Data for Kansas City, Missouri, USA, for 2001–2007. The data included patients' demographics such as racial group, age, sex, health insurance status and annual income. Emergency room visits due to benzodiazepine poisoning were identified by ICD‐9 code 969.4. The frequencies of patient visits were calculated according to categories of each demographic variable. Chi‐square tests were used to assess the difference of emergency room visits among categories of each demographic variable. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed, where the outcome variable was emergency room visits due to benzodiazepine poisoning (yes/no), and the independent variables were the demographic variables. Key findings  Of 1 317 566 emergency room visits over the 7‐year period, 562 were due to benzodiazepine poisoning. Seventy‐seven per cent of these visits were made by patients who were white, of whom 53% were 30–49 years old, 56% were female, 74% had health insurance and 44% lived in zip codes with median family incomes of $40 000–59 999. Chi‐square tests were significant for racial group, age and annual income (P 
ISSN:0961-7671
2042-7174
DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.2010.00093.x