Construction and Evaluation of Atropine Selective Electrodes. Their Application to Ophthalmic Formulations

• Published in: Analytical Sciences 1995/10/10, Vol.11(5), pp.781-785
• Main Authors: ALCADA, M. N. M. P, LIMA, J. L. F. C, MONTENEGRO, M. C. B. S. M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Atropine; atropine ion selective electrode; Biological and medical sciences; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Electrodes: preparations and properties; Exact sciences and technology; General and physical chemistry; General pharmacology; Ion selective electrodes; Medical sciences; pharmaceutical formulation; Pharmacology. Drug treatments
• ISSN: 0910-6340; 1348-2246
• DOI: 10.2116/analsci.11.781

Atropine selective electrodes with PVC membranes and without inner reference solutions were prepared, characterized and used in the analysis of pharmaceutical products. Their sensor system incorporates atropine-tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl) borate as an ionic exchanger and 2-nitrophenyloctylether (Type I) or dibutylphthalate (Type II) as solvent mediator. The electrodes showed stable and rapid responses (about 6s) for 1.2×10-5-10-1M (Type I) and 1.4×10-4-10-1M (Type II) atropine (ATR). A slope of about 58mV/log[ATR] was obtained in a 2.5-9.0 pH range. Both type of electrodes showed good selectivity. Their reproducibility was ±1.5mV throughout the working day. Electrodes with 2-nitrophenyloctylether as solvent mediator showed both wider linear response zone and better selectivity to sodium. Therefore they were used in direct potentiometric determinations of atropine in ophthalmic products. The results obtained showed an average recovery of 102% and a relative standard deviation of ±3%.