Consumption of the Whole-Grain Rye Bread and Progression of Prostate Cancer

• Published in: Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B, Natural Sciences Natural Sciences, 2013-11, Vol.67 (4), p.448-451
• Main Authors: Meija, Laila, Cauce, Vinita, Siksna, Inese, Joffe, Rafaels, Ignace, Gita, Bobere, Natālija, Lietuvietis, Vilnis, Lejnieks, Aivars, Söderholm, Paivi, Adlercreutz, Herman
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Diet; Grain; Hormones; Prostate cancer; PSA; rye bread; sex hormones
• ISSN: 1407-009X; 2255-890X
• DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2013-0053

Whole-grain rye intake has been suggested to have anti-cancer effect, including changes in serum hormones and reduced prostate specific antigen (PSA) in animals and humans. In this study, we investigated the effect of high intake of whole-grain rye bread on prostate cancer progression as assessed by PSA concentration in men diagnosed with prostate cancer. Fifteen men with prostate cancer who did not receive prior therapy were randomised and given a daily supplement of 250 g refined wheat bread for two weeks and, afterwards, 250 g whole-grain rye bread for six weeks. Blood samples were taken from fasting men at baseline and after two and six weeks to measure the PSA and sex hormones. The dietary intake was: energy intake 3452 kcal; protein intake 166 g, carbohydrate intake 334 g, fat 149 g, saturated fat intake 52 g, and fibre intake 40 g. Plasma total PSA, free PSE, testosterone concentrations and free androgen index tended to be higher after refined white bread treatment and lower after whole-grain rye treatment. However, none of the differences were statistically significant. There were no significant changes in sex hormone binding globulin, luteinising hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone. In this intervention trial, whole-grain rye consumption did not result in significant changes in PSA and sex hormones, which may be related to high fat intake. Further prospective trials are indicated to evaluate the potential of whole-grain rye bread, taking into account other factors. Pētījumi rāda, ka rudzu maizei iespējami pret vēža efekti, iedarbojoties uz dzimumhormoniem un mazinot prostatas specifisko antigēnu (PSA). Mēs pētījām rudzu maizes ietekmi uz priekšdziedzera vēža progresiju, izvērtējot izmaiņas PSA koncentrācijā. Piecpadsmit vīrieši ar diagnosticētu priekšdziedzera vēzi, kas nebija saņēmuši citu terapiju, divas nedēļas lietoja 250 g rafinēto miltu baltmaizi, pēc tam sešas nedēļas 250 g pilngraļudu rudzu maizi. Tika noteikts PSA un dzimumhormoni pētījuma sākumā, pēc divām un sešām nedēļām. Vidējie dati: uzņemtās enerģijas daudzums - 3451 kcal; uzņemto uzturvielu daudzums dienā - 166 olbaltumvielu, 334 g ogļhidrātu. 149 g tauku, 52 g piesātināto tauku, 40 g šķiedrvielu. PSA un testosterona koncentrācija plazmā atrasta augstāka pēc baltmaizes lietošanas un zemāka pēc rudzu maizes lietošanas, bet izmaiņas nebija statistiski nozīmīgas. Sekshormona saistošā globulīna, lutinizējošā hormona un folikulu stimulējošā hormona koncentrācija būtiski nemainījās