OCCURRENCE OF TOXICITY AND CELL PROLIFERATION AFTER A SINGLE GAVAGE ADMINISTRATION OF CHLOROFORM TO MALE F344 RATS

Chloroform, an industrial solvent and one of the most common environmental contaminants which produces carcinogenic effects in the liver and kidney of rodents, is not genotoxic in most traditional bacterial and mammalian test systems. Its carcinogenic potential appears attributable to the sustained...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of toxicological sciences 1998/08/17, Vol.23(3), pp.205-211
Main Authors: MIYAGAWA, Makoto, KATSUTA, Osamu, CHIDA, Tetsuo, TOYOTA, Naoto, TSUCHITANI, Minoru, YOSHIKAWA, Kunie, FUJII, Osamu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Oral
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Carcinogens - administration & dosage
Carcinogens - toxicity
Cell Division - drug effects
Chloroform - administration & dosage
Chloroform - toxicity
DNA Replication - drug effects
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Epithelial Cells - cytology
Food toxicology
Kidney Tubules - cytology
Kidney Tubules - drug effects
Liver - cytology
Liver - drug effects
Male
Male F344 rat
Medical sciences
Rats
Rats, Inbred F344
Solvents - administration & dosage
Solvents - toxicity
Toxicology
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Summary:Chloroform, an industrial solvent and one of the most common environmental contaminants which produces carcinogenic effects in the liver and kidney of rodents, is not genotoxic in most traditional bacterial and mammalian test systems. Its carcinogenic potential appears attributable to the sustained cell turnover(regenerative hyperplasia)which results from chronic chloroform toxicity. In this present study, cell proliferation(replicative DNA synthesis, RDS)and histopathological changes in hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells were assessed in male F344 rats following a single gavage chloroform exposure(50, 150 or 500 mg/kg). In addition, biochemical parameters(BUN, GOT, LDH and NAG)were examined using plasma and urine samples. Cell proliferation and histopathological changes(e.g. hypertrophy, necrosis, vacuolation)were only seen at the dose of 500 mg/kg in the liver and kidney. At the same dose, all biochemical markers were increased at the 24 to 48 hr time points. These results obtained are thus in line with earlier findings pointing to epigenetic carcinogenicity.
ISSN:0388-1350
1880-3989
DOI:10.2131/jts.23.3_205