GST profiling may be useful in the screening for thyroid nodule malignancy

• Published in: Cancer letters 2004-06, Vol.209 (2), p.129-137
• Main Authors: Granja, Fabiana, Morari, Joseane, Morari, Elaine C, Correa, Luiz A.C, Assumpção, Lı́gia V.M, Ward, Laura S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adenocarcinoma, Follicular - enzymology; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics; Breast cancer; Carcinoma, Papillary - enzymology; Case-Control Studies; CI, confidence interval; Colleges & universities; ECM, Elaine Cristina Morari; F, Fisher test; FC, follicular carcinomas; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gene Expression Profiling; Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics; Genotype; Glutathione S-Transferase pi; Glutathione Transferase - genetics; GST, glutathione S-transferase; GSTP1, glutathione S-transferase pi 1; GSTP1, glutathione S-transferase pi 1 locus; Humans; Isoenzymes - genetics; Kruskal–Wallis, OR; LSW, Laura Sterian Ward; LVMA, Ligia Vera Montalli Assumpção; M, mu; Male; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Odds ratio; PC, papillary carcinomas; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; Risk Factors; SAS, statistical analysis system; SSCP, single strand conformation polymorphism analysis; T, theta; Tg, thyroglobulin; Thyroid cancer; Thyroid Neoplasms - enzymology; Thyroid Nodule - enzymology; TSH, thyrotropin stimulating hormone; Tumors; χ2, Chi-square test
• ISSN: 0304-3835; 1872-7980
• DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2003.12.013

Screening tools are of utmost necessity in order to identify individuals at risk for thyroid nodule cancer. The polymorphic inheritance of human drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as those encoded by the Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) system, plays an important role in the development of most human cancers. GSTP1 enzyme is the most important detoxification enzyme in human head and neck tissues. An aminoacid substitution (1105V) in the GSTP1 gene result in two genotypes, GSTP1AB and GSTP1BB. Those produce a variant enzyme with lower activity and less capability of effective detoxification of carcinogens than the wild type GSTP1AA. In order to look for the influence of GSTP1 enzymes inheritance pattern on thyroid cancer risk we used a PCR-SSCP-sequencing approach to compare the genotypes of 98 malignant nodules, including 77 papillary carcinomas (PC) and 21 follicular carcinomas (FC), to 44 benign nodules and to 157 healthy control individuals. Individuals with history of previous thyroid disease, exposure to radiation and antecedents of malignancy were excluded. Patients with PC and FC showed a significant over-representation of the variants of GSTP1 allele compared to the control population ( p