PTEN

The importance of PTEN in cellular function is underscored by the frequency of its deregulation in cancer. PTEN tumor-suppressor activity depends largely on its lipid phosphatase activity, which opposes PI3K AKT activation. As such, PTEN regulates many cellular processes, including proliferation, su...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of biochemistry 2014-01, Vol.83 (1), p.641-669
Main Authors: Worby, Carolyn A, Dixon, Jack E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biochemistry
Cancer
Cell Cycle
Cell Movement
Cell Nucleus - metabolism
Cell Polarity
Cell Proliferation
Cell Survival
Deregulation
Enzymatic activity
Enzyme Activation
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Humans
Lipids - chemistry
Neoplasms - metabolism
Oxygen - chemistry
phosphatase
Phosphorylation
Prognosis
Protein Interaction Mapping
Protein Multimerization
Protein Structure, Tertiary
Proteins
PTEN Phosphohydrolase - chemistry
PTEN Phosphohydrolase - physiology
Substrate Specificity
Survival analysis
tumor suppressor
Ubiquitin - chemistry
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Summary:The importance of PTEN in cellular function is underscored by the frequency of its deregulation in cancer. PTEN tumor-suppressor activity depends largely on its lipid phosphatase activity, which opposes PI3K AKT activation. As such, PTEN regulates many cellular processes, including proliferation, survival, energy metabolism, cellular architecture, and motility. More than a decade of research has expanded our knowledge about how PTEN is controlled at the transcriptional level as well as by numerous posttranscriptional modifications that regulate its enzymatic activity, protein stability, and cellular location. Although the role of PTEN in cancers has long been appreciated, it is also emerging as an important factor in other diseases, such as diabetes and autism spectrum disorders. Our understanding of PTEN function and regulation will hopefully translate into improved prognosis and treatment for patients suffering from these ailments.
ISSN:0066-4154
1545-4509
DOI:10.1146/annurev-biochem-082411-113907