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Green tea extract suppresses N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced photoreceptor apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley rats
Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited neurodegenerative human diseases characterized by the loss of photoreceptor cells by apoptosis and eventual blindness. A single intraperitoneal (ip) injection of N -methyl- N -nitrosourea (MNU) causes photoreceptor cell apoptosis within 7 ...
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Published in: | Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 2014-09, Vol.252 (9), p.1377-1384 |
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creator | Emoto, Yuko Yoshizawa, Katsuhiko Kinoshita, Yuichi Yuri, Takashi Yuki, Michiko Sayama, Kazutoshi Shikata, Nobuaki Tsubura, Airo |
description | Background
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited neurodegenerative human diseases characterized by the loss of photoreceptor cells by apoptosis and eventual blindness. A single intraperitoneal (ip) injection of
N
-methyl-
N
-nitrosourea (MNU) causes photoreceptor cell apoptosis within 7 days in rats. Green tea extract (THEA-FLAN 90S; GTE) is a common herbal supplement with pluripotent properties including antioxidant activity. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of GTE against photoreceptor apoptosis in 7-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats that received a single ip injection of 40 mg/kg MNU.
Methods
The oral administration of 250 mg/kg/day GTE was initiated 3 days prior to MNU injection and continued once daily throughout the experiment. Rats were sacrificed at 12, 24, and 72 h and 7 days after MNU injection, and the eyes were examined morphologically and morphometrically. The photoreceptor cell ratio, retinal damage ratio, and retinal preservation ratio were used to determine the structural and functional alterations. The number of apoptotic photoreceptor cells per mm
2
was determined in situ by TdT-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL). Our results indicated that oral administration of GTE significantly suppressed the loss of photoreceptor cells morphometrically 7 days after MNU injection. The number of TUNEL-positive cells per mm
2
in MNU-exposed rat central retina with or without GTE administration was 981 vs. 2056 at 24 h after MNU injection.
Conclusions
GTE structurally and functionally suppressed MNU-induced photoreceptor cell apoptosis. These findings indicate that GTE may help to ameliorate the onset and progression of human RP. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00417-014-2702-7 |
format | article |
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Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited neurodegenerative human diseases characterized by the loss of photoreceptor cells by apoptosis and eventual blindness. A single intraperitoneal (ip) injection of
N
-methyl-
N
-nitrosourea (MNU) causes photoreceptor cell apoptosis within 7 days in rats. Green tea extract (THEA-FLAN 90S; GTE) is a common herbal supplement with pluripotent properties including antioxidant activity. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of GTE against photoreceptor apoptosis in 7-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats that received a single ip injection of 40 mg/kg MNU.
Methods
The oral administration of 250 mg/kg/day GTE was initiated 3 days prior to MNU injection and continued once daily throughout the experiment. Rats were sacrificed at 12, 24, and 72 h and 7 days after MNU injection, and the eyes were examined morphologically and morphometrically. The photoreceptor cell ratio, retinal damage ratio, and retinal preservation ratio were used to determine the structural and functional alterations. The number of apoptotic photoreceptor cells per mm
2
was determined in situ by TdT-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL). Our results indicated that oral administration of GTE significantly suppressed the loss of photoreceptor cells morphometrically 7 days after MNU injection. The number of TUNEL-positive cells per mm
2
in MNU-exposed rat central retina with or without GTE administration was 981 vs. 2056 at 24 h after MNU injection.
Conclusions
GTE structurally and functionally suppressed MNU-induced photoreceptor cell apoptosis. These findings indicate that GTE may help to ameliorate the onset and progression of human RP.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0721-832X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-702X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00417-014-2702-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25012920</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Administration, Oral ; Alkylating Agents - toxicity ; Animals ; Apoptosis - drug effects ; Basic Science ; Catechin - analogs & derivatives ; Catechin - blood ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 6 - metabolism ; Female ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Methylnitrosourea - toxicity ; Ophthalmology ; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - drug effects ; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - metabolism ; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Retinal Degeneration - chemically induced ; Retinal Degeneration - drug therapy ; Retinal Degeneration - metabolism ; Retinal Degeneration - pathology ; Rhodopsin - metabolism ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Tea</subject><ispartof>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology, 2014-09, Vol.252 (9), p.1377-1384</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-fcb3c7039ae5b9c94ef5e3ba3a5f4514fe96f841730fcfd805747f44fa185f7e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-fcb3c7039ae5b9c94ef5e3ba3a5f4514fe96f841730fcfd805747f44fa185f7e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25012920$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Emoto, Yuko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoshizawa, Katsuhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinoshita, Yuichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuri, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuki, Michiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sayama, Kazutoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shikata, Nobuaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsubura, Airo</creatorcontrib><title>Green tea extract suppresses N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced photoreceptor apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley rats</title><title>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology</title><addtitle>Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol</addtitle><addtitle>Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol</addtitle><description>Background
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited neurodegenerative human diseases characterized by the loss of photoreceptor cells by apoptosis and eventual blindness. A single intraperitoneal (ip) injection of
N
-methyl-
N
-nitrosourea (MNU) causes photoreceptor cell apoptosis within 7 days in rats. Green tea extract (THEA-FLAN 90S; GTE) is a common herbal supplement with pluripotent properties including antioxidant activity. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of GTE against photoreceptor apoptosis in 7-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats that received a single ip injection of 40 mg/kg MNU.
Methods
The oral administration of 250 mg/kg/day GTE was initiated 3 days prior to MNU injection and continued once daily throughout the experiment. Rats were sacrificed at 12, 24, and 72 h and 7 days after MNU injection, and the eyes were examined morphologically and morphometrically. The photoreceptor cell ratio, retinal damage ratio, and retinal preservation ratio were used to determine the structural and functional alterations. The number of apoptotic photoreceptor cells per mm
2
was determined in situ by TdT-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL). Our results indicated that oral administration of GTE significantly suppressed the loss of photoreceptor cells morphometrically 7 days after MNU injection. The number of TUNEL-positive cells per mm
2
in MNU-exposed rat central retina with or without GTE administration was 981 vs. 2056 at 24 h after MNU injection.
Conclusions
GTE structurally and functionally suppressed MNU-induced photoreceptor cell apoptosis. These findings indicate that GTE may help to ameliorate the onset and progression of human RP.</description><subject>Administration, Oral</subject><subject>Alkylating Agents - toxicity</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Apoptosis - drug effects</subject><subject>Basic Science</subject><subject>Catechin - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Catechin - blood</subject><subject>Chromatography, Liquid</subject><subject>Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 6 - metabolism</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>In Situ Nick-End Labeling</subject><subject>Injections, Intraperitoneal</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Methylnitrosourea - toxicity</subject><subject>Ophthalmology</subject><subject>Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - drug effects</subject><subject>Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - metabolism</subject><subject>Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - pathology</subject><subject>Phytotherapy</subject><subject>Plant Extracts</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Retinal Degeneration - chemically induced</subject><subject>Retinal Degeneration - drug therapy</subject><subject>Retinal Degeneration - metabolism</subject><subject>Retinal Degeneration - pathology</subject><subject>Rhodopsin - metabolism</subject><subject>Tandem Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>Tea</subject><issn>0721-832X</issn><issn>1435-702X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kE9LAzEQxYMotlY_gBcJeI7mr-kepWoVSj2o0FtI00m7pd1dkyzab2_Kqnjx9BjmN29mHkLnjF4xSvV1pFQyTSiThGvKiT5AfSaFIrmYHaI-1ZyRoeCzHjqJcU0zLhQ7Rj2uKOMFp320HgeACiewGD5TsC7h2DZNgBgh4inZQlrtNmRKqjKFOtZtAEvKatE6WOBmVac6gIMmC7ZNnTWWEZcVfmmCXbZA7uzHBnY42BRP0ZG3mwhn3zpAbw_3r6NHMnkeP41uJ8RJzRLxbi6cpqKwoOaFKyR4BWJuhVVeKiY9FDd-mP8W1Du_GFKlpfZSesuGymsQA3TZ-Tahfm8hJrPOZ1d5pWFKFbLgXMhMsY5y-a0YwJsmlFsbdoZRs0_XdOmanK7Zp2t0nrn4dm7nW1j8TvzEmQHeATG3qiWEP6v_df0CiwKHLw</recordid><startdate>20140901</startdate><enddate>20140901</enddate><creator>Emoto, Yuko</creator><creator>Yoshizawa, Katsuhiko</creator><creator>Kinoshita, Yuichi</creator><creator>Yuri, Takashi</creator><creator>Yuki, Michiko</creator><creator>Sayama, Kazutoshi</creator><creator>Shikata, Nobuaki</creator><creator>Tsubura, Airo</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140901</creationdate><title>Green tea extract suppresses N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced photoreceptor apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley rats</title><author>Emoto, Yuko ; Yoshizawa, Katsuhiko ; Kinoshita, Yuichi ; Yuri, Takashi ; Yuki, Michiko ; Sayama, Kazutoshi ; Shikata, Nobuaki ; Tsubura, Airo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-fcb3c7039ae5b9c94ef5e3ba3a5f4514fe96f841730fcfd805747f44fa185f7e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Administration, Oral</topic><topic>Alkylating Agents - toxicity</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Apoptosis - drug effects</topic><topic>Basic Science</topic><topic>Catechin - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Catechin - blood</topic><topic>Chromatography, Liquid</topic><topic>Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 6 - metabolism</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>In Situ Nick-End Labeling</topic><topic>Injections, Intraperitoneal</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Methylnitrosourea - toxicity</topic><topic>Ophthalmology</topic><topic>Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - drug effects</topic><topic>Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - metabolism</topic><topic>Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - pathology</topic><topic>Phytotherapy</topic><topic>Plant Extracts</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Retinal Degeneration - chemically induced</topic><topic>Retinal Degeneration - drug therapy</topic><topic>Retinal Degeneration - metabolism</topic><topic>Retinal Degeneration - pathology</topic><topic>Rhodopsin - metabolism</topic><topic>Tandem Mass Spectrometry</topic><topic>Tea</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Emoto, Yuko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoshizawa, Katsuhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinoshita, Yuichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuri, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuki, Michiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sayama, Kazutoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shikata, Nobuaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsubura, Airo</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health and Medical</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Emoto, Yuko</au><au>Yoshizawa, Katsuhiko</au><au>Kinoshita, Yuichi</au><au>Yuri, Takashi</au><au>Yuki, Michiko</au><au>Sayama, Kazutoshi</au><au>Shikata, Nobuaki</au><au>Tsubura, Airo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Green tea extract suppresses N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced photoreceptor apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley rats</atitle><jtitle>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology</jtitle><stitle>Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol</stitle><addtitle>Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol</addtitle><date>2014-09-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>252</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1377</spage><epage>1384</epage><pages>1377-1384</pages><issn>0721-832X</issn><eissn>1435-702X</eissn><abstract>Background
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited neurodegenerative human diseases characterized by the loss of photoreceptor cells by apoptosis and eventual blindness. A single intraperitoneal (ip) injection of
N
-methyl-
N
-nitrosourea (MNU) causes photoreceptor cell apoptosis within 7 days in rats. Green tea extract (THEA-FLAN 90S; GTE) is a common herbal supplement with pluripotent properties including antioxidant activity. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of GTE against photoreceptor apoptosis in 7-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats that received a single ip injection of 40 mg/kg MNU.
Methods
The oral administration of 250 mg/kg/day GTE was initiated 3 days prior to MNU injection and continued once daily throughout the experiment. Rats were sacrificed at 12, 24, and 72 h and 7 days after MNU injection, and the eyes were examined morphologically and morphometrically. The photoreceptor cell ratio, retinal damage ratio, and retinal preservation ratio were used to determine the structural and functional alterations. The number of apoptotic photoreceptor cells per mm
2
was determined in situ by TdT-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL). Our results indicated that oral administration of GTE significantly suppressed the loss of photoreceptor cells morphometrically 7 days after MNU injection. The number of TUNEL-positive cells per mm
2
in MNU-exposed rat central retina with or without GTE administration was 981 vs. 2056 at 24 h after MNU injection.
Conclusions
GTE structurally and functionally suppressed MNU-induced photoreceptor cell apoptosis. These findings indicate that GTE may help to ameliorate the onset and progression of human RP.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>25012920</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00417-014-2702-7</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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source | Springer Nature |
subjects | Administration, Oral Alkylating Agents - toxicity Animals Apoptosis - drug effects Basic Science Catechin - analogs & derivatives Catechin - blood Chromatography, Liquid Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 6 - metabolism Female In Situ Nick-End Labeling Injections, Intraperitoneal Medicine Medicine & Public Health Methylnitrosourea - toxicity Ophthalmology Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - drug effects Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - metabolism Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - pathology Phytotherapy Plant Extracts Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Retinal Degeneration - chemically induced Retinal Degeneration - drug therapy Retinal Degeneration - metabolism Retinal Degeneration - pathology Rhodopsin - metabolism Tandem Mass Spectrometry Tea |
title | Green tea extract suppresses N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced photoreceptor apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley rats |
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