F-18 FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of Takayasu arteritis: An experience from the tropics

• Published in: Journal of nuclear cardiology 2014-10, Vol.21 (5), p.993-1000
• Main Authors: Santhosh, Sampath, Mittal, Bhagwant Rai, Gayana, Shankaramurthy, Bhattacharya, Anish, Sharma, Aman, Jain, Sanjay
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Cardiology; FDG; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted - methods; Imaging; immunosupression; India; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Multimodal Imaging - methods; Nuclear Medicine; Original Article; PET/CT; Positron-Emission Tomography - methods; Radiology; Radiopharmaceuticals; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Takayasu arteritis; Takayasu Arteritis - diagnostic imaging; Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods; Tropical Climate; vasculitis
• ISSN: 1071-3581; 1532-6551
• DOI: 10.1007/s12350-014-9910-8

To evaluate the performance parameters of FDG PET/CT in patients with Takayasu arteritis at diagnosis and during immunosuppression. Retrospective analysis of 60 FDG PET/CT studies in 51 patients was performed (17 scans at diagnosis out of which 4 had follow-up scans also and 43 scans on immunosuppression). The degree of FDG uptake in the vessels was assessed visually using a 4-point scale and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), SUVratio, extent of vasculitis and association with ESR were calculated. PET/CT was positive for active vasculitis in all 17 patients at diagnosis. The mean SUVmax and mean SUV ratio of the active areas were 5.1 ± 3.0 and 3.2 ± 1.9, respectively. On immunosuppression, PET scan was positive for active vasculitis in 14/43 (32.5%) scans. The mean SUVmax and mean SUVratio of the active areas were 1.7 ± 2.1 and 0.95 ± 1.2, respectively. There was significant difference between the mean SUVmax and mean SUVratio at diagnosis and on immunosuppression, respectively (P < .01). The median number of vascular segments in each uptake grade group was also statistically different (P < .01) between scans at diagnosis and on immunosuppression. The median ESR level in PET positive scans was 29 mm/hour (2-53), whereas in PET negative scans was 35.5 mm/hour (6-50) and the difference was not statistically significant. FDG PET/CT showed good sensitivity to detect active vasculitis at diagnosis and during immunosuppression. The change in SUVmax between the successive FDG PET/CT scans may give an objective assessment of response to immunosuppression.