Effects of foliar-applied nitrogen fertilizer on oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

• Published in: The Journal of agricultural science 2015-01, Vol.153 (1), p.42-55
• Main Authors: WHITE, C. A., ROQUES, S. E., BERRY, P. M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Agronomy; Ammonium; Ammonium nitrate; Brassica napus; Crop yield; Crops and Soils Research Papers; fertilizer rates; Fertilizers; field experimentation; Field tests; flowering; Foliage; foliar application; leaves; Nitrogen; nitrogen content; nitrogen fertilizers; Oils & fats; Rape plants; seed oils; seed yield; Urea
• ISSN: 0021-8596; 1469-5146; 1469-5146
• DOI: 10.1017/S0021859613000750

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects on yield, oil concentration and nitrogen (N) uptake efficiency of N fertilizer applied to the foliage of oilseed rape during and soon after flowering. Four field experiments were conducted in the UK during the 2008/09 and 2009/10 seasons which investigated six rates of soil-applied N (ammonium nitrate) ranging from 0 to 280 or 320 kg N/ha with each treatment followed by 0 or 40 kg/ha of foliar N applied as a solution of urea at the end of flowering. Each experiment also investigated five rates of foliar N ranging from 0 to 120 kg N/ha applied at the end of flowering and five timings of foliar N (40 kg N/ha) from mid-flowering to 2 weeks after the end of flowering. Foliar N at 40 kg N/ha applied at the end of flowering significantly increased the seed yield in three of the four experiments. The seed yield increase across all four experiments was 0·25 t/ha (range of 0–0·41 t/ha). In two experiments, the increase in seed yield in response to foliar N occurred irrespective of whether it followed sub-optimal or super-optimal rates of soil-applied N; in one experiment there was a greater response at sub-optimal soil-applied N rates. The foliar N treatment reduced the seed oil concentration by 11 g/kg and increased seed protein concentration by 11 g/kg. Similar yield responses were observed for foliar N applications between mid-flowering and 2 weeks after the end of flowering. The efficiency with which foliar N was taken up into the plant varied between 0 and 100% with an average uptake efficiency across the four experiments of 61%.