Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Nanoparticles Induce Reactive Oxygen Species, AKT, ERK, AP-1, NF-[kappa]B, VEGF, and Angiogenesis

Issue Title: Special Issue: 8th Conference on Metal Toxicity & Carcinogenesis, October 26-29, 2014, Albuquerque, NM Powder mixtures of tungsten carbide and metallic cobalt (WC-Co) are widely used in various products. Nanoparticles are engineered structures with at least one dimension of 100 nm o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological trace element research 2015-07, Vol.166 (1), p.57
Main Authors: Liu, Ling-zhi, Ding, Min, Zheng, Jenny Z, Zhu, Yingxue, Fenderson, Bruce A, Li, Bingyun, Yu, Jing J, Jiang, Bing-hua
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Carbides
Carcinogenesis
Cobalt
Nanoparticles
Trace elements
Tungsten
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Summary:Issue Title: Special Issue: 8th Conference on Metal Toxicity & Carcinogenesis, October 26-29, 2014, Albuquerque, NM Powder mixtures of tungsten carbide and metallic cobalt (WC-Co) are widely used in various products. Nanoparticles are engineered structures with at least one dimension of 100 nm or smaller. WC-Co is known to be associated with lung injury and diseases. Angiogenesis is a key process during vasculature, carcinogenesis, recovery of injury, and inflammatory diseases. However, the cellular effects of WC-Co nanoparticles on angiogenesis remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated angiogenic response and relative mechanisms after exposure to WC-Co nanoparticles. Our results showed that WC-Co nanoparticles at 5 [mu]g/cm^sup 2^ induced ROS production which activated AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in lung epithelial cells by reactive oxygen species (ROS) staining and immunoblotting; WC-Co treatment also increased transcriptional activation of AP-1, NF-[kappa]B, and VEGF by reporter assay. Further studies demonstrated that ROS are upstream molecules of AKT and ERK signaling pathways; the activation of AP-1, NF-[kappa]B, and VEGF was through ROS generation, AKT and ERK1/2 activation. In addition, WC-Co nanoparticles affected the cells to induce angiogenesis by chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. These results illustrate that exposure to WC-Co nanoparticles induces angiogenic response by activating ROS, AKT, and ERK1/2 signaling pathways and the downstream molecules and elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms during this process. This information may be useful for preventing potential damage from nanoparticle exposure in the future.
ISSN:0163-4984
1559-0720
DOI:10.1007/s12011-015-0331-6