The potential health challenges of TiO2 nanomaterials

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials (NMs) have found widespread applications owing to their attractive physical and chemical properties. As a result, the potential adverse impacts of nano‐TiO2 exposure on humans have become a matter of concern. This review presents the state‐of‐the‐art advances on...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied toxicology 2015-10, Vol.35 (10), p.1086-1101
Main Authors: Sha, Baoyong, Gao, Wei, Cui, Xingye, Wang, Lin, Xu, Feng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
characterization
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Health hazards
health risk
Humans
mechanism
Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity
Nanomaterials
Oxidative Stress
route
Titanium
Titanium - pharmacokinetics
Titanium - toxicity
titanium dioxide
Toxicity
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Summary:Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials (NMs) have found widespread applications owing to their attractive physical and chemical properties. As a result, the potential adverse impacts of nano‐TiO2 exposure on humans have become a matter of concern. This review presents the state‐of‐the‐art advances on the investigations of the adverse effects of NMs, including the potential exposure routes of nano‐TiO2 (e.g. respiratory system, skin absorption and digestive system), the physico‐chemical characterizations of nano‐TiO2 (e.g. crystal structure, shape,size, zeta potential, treatment media, aggregation and agglomeration tendency, surface characteristics and coatings), risk evaluation of nanotoxicity (e.g. cytotoxicity, ecotoxicity, phototoxicity, and phytotoxicity) and potential mechanisms of adverse effects (e.g. generation of reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress and organelle dysfunction). The review aims to facilitate scientific assessments of health risks to nano‐TiO2, which would guide the safe applications of NMs in our daily life. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. With the widespread application of nano‐titanium dioxide (TiO2), the potential adverse impacts of nanomaterial exposure on humans have become a matter of concern. This paper reviews the potential exposure routes of nano‐TiO2, the physico‐chemical characterizations on nano‐TiO2, risk evaluation of nanotoxicity and potential mechanisms of adverse effects, aiming to facilitate scientific assessments of health risks to nano‐TiO2.
ISSN:0260-437X
1099-1263
DOI:10.1002/jat.3193