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Nesting by Canada Geese on Baffin Island, Nunavut

Outside of northern Quebec, there is little evidence to confirm reports of nesting by Canada Geese in Arctic habitats of North America, but they nest regularly in the Arctic tundra of West Greenland, from about 62° N to as far north as 76.96° N, 71.11° W. In 2013, we documented successful nesting by...

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Published in:Arctic 2015-09, Vol.68 (3), p.310-316
Main Authors: Jantunen, Jukka, MacLeod, Anne C., Leafloor, James O., Scribner, Kim T.
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description Outside of northern Quebec, there is little evidence to confirm reports of nesting by Canada Geese in Arctic habitats of North America, but they nest regularly in the Arctic tundra of West Greenland, from about 62° N to as far north as 76.96° N, 71.11° W. In 2013, we documented successful nesting by a pair of Canada Geese on northern Baffin Island (71.36° N, 79.59° W), approximately 1200 km north of the nearest known site of regular nesting by this species in northern Quebec. Photographs, egg measurements, and mitochondrial DNA evidence confirmed that these were Canada Geese. Egg laying began around 17 June, the nest of five eggs hatched on 18 July, and we determined that fledging should have occurred around 20 September. Daily mean temperatures on northern Baffin Island fell below freezing after 5 September 2013, and we suspect that the probability of recruitment for this brood was very low. Climate warming in the Arctic is likely to favor northward range expansion by Canada Geese. En dehors du nord du Québec, il existe peu de preuves permettant de confirmer des rapports selon lesquels la bernache du Canada nidifierait dans les habitats arctiques de l'Amérique du Nord. Cela dit, la bernache du Canada nidifie régulièrement dans la toundra arctique de l'ouest du Groenland, à partir d'environ 62° N et aussi loin qu'à 76,96° N, 71,11° O. En 2013, nous avons documenté la nidification réussie d'une paire de bernaches du Canada dans le nord de l'île de Baffin (71,36° N, 79,59° O), à environ 1200 km au nord du site le plus près de nidification habituel connu de cette espèce dans le nord du Québec. Des photographies, la mesure des œufs et des échantillons d'ADN mitochondrial ont permis de confirmer qu'il s'agissait effectivement de bernaches du Canada. La ponte a commencé vers le 17 juin, puis la couvée de cinq oeufs a éclos le 18 juillet. Nous avons ensuite déterminé que la prise des ailes aurait eu lieu vers le 20 septembre. Dans le nord de l'île de Baffin, les températures moyennes quotidiennes sont tombées sous le point de congélation après le 5 septembre 2013, si bien que nous estimons que pour cette nichée, la probabilité de recrutement était très faible. Le réchauffement climatique dans l'Arctique favorisera vraisemblablement l'expansion du parcours naturel de la bernache du Canada vers le nord.
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Cela dit, la bernache du Canada nidifie régulièrement dans la toundra arctique de l'ouest du Groenland, à partir d'environ 62° N et aussi loin qu'à 76,96° N, 71,11° O. En 2013, nous avons documenté la nidification réussie d'une paire de bernaches du Canada dans le nord de l'île de Baffin (71,36° N, 79,59° O), à environ 1200 km au nord du site le plus près de nidification habituel connu de cette espèce dans le nord du Québec. Des photographies, la mesure des œufs et des échantillons d'ADN mitochondrial ont permis de confirmer qu'il s'agissait effectivement de bernaches du Canada. La ponte a commencé vers le 17 juin, puis la couvée de cinq oeufs a éclos le 18 juillet. Nous avons ensuite déterminé que la prise des ailes aurait eu lieu vers le 20 septembre. Dans le nord de l'île de Baffin, les températures moyennes quotidiennes sont tombées sous le point de congélation après le 5 septembre 2013, si bien que nous estimons que pour cette nichée, la probabilité de recrutement était très faible. 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Cela dit, la bernache du Canada nidifie régulièrement dans la toundra arctique de l'ouest du Groenland, à partir d'environ 62° N et aussi loin qu'à 76,96° N, 71,11° O. En 2013, nous avons documenté la nidification réussie d'une paire de bernaches du Canada dans le nord de l'île de Baffin (71,36° N, 79,59° O), à environ 1200 km au nord du site le plus près de nidification habituel connu de cette espèce dans le nord du Québec. Des photographies, la mesure des œufs et des échantillons d'ADN mitochondrial ont permis de confirmer qu'il s'agissait effectivement de bernaches du Canada. La ponte a commencé vers le 17 juin, puis la couvée de cinq oeufs a éclos le 18 juillet. Nous avons ensuite déterminé que la prise des ailes aurait eu lieu vers le 20 septembre. Dans le nord de l'île de Baffin, les températures moyennes quotidiennes sont tombées sous le point de congélation après le 5 septembre 2013, si bien que nous estimons que pour cette nichée, la probabilité de recrutement était très faible. Le réchauffement climatique dans l'Arctique favorisera vraisemblablement l'expansion du parcours naturel de la bernache du Canada vers le nord.</abstract><cop>Calgary</cop><pub>Arctic Institute of North America</pub><doi>10.14430/arctic4502</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Animal nesting
Aquatic birds
Arctic research
Arctic tundra
Bird migration
Bird nesting
Breeding
Canada goose
Climate change
Eggs
Freezing
Geese
Global warming
Goslings
Inuit
Mitochondrial DNA
Morphology
Nest building
Nesting
Nesting sites
Ornithology
Taiga & tundra
Tundra
Waterfowl
Wildfowl
title Nesting by Canada Geese on Baffin Island, Nunavut
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