Cardiovascular Effects of Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarettes

Abstract Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as a result of inhaled tobacco products continues to be a global healthcare crisis, particularly in low- and middle-income nations lacking the infrastructure to develop and implement effective public health policies limiting tobacco use. Following init...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2015-09, Vol.66 (12), p.1378-1391
Main Authors: Morris, Pamela B., MD, Ference, Brian A., MD, MPhil, MSc, Jahangir, Eiman, MD, MPH, Feldman, Dmitriy N., MD, Ryan, John J., MD, Bahrami, Hossein, MD, PhD, MPH, El-Chami, Mikhael F., MD, Bhakta, Shyam, MD, Winchester, David E., MD, Al-Mallah, Mouaz H., MD, MSc, Sanchez Shields, Monica, MD, Deedwania, Prakash, MD, Mehta, Laxmi S., MD, Phan, Binh An P., MD, Benowitz, Neal L., MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
atherogenesis
Cardiology
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular disease
Epigenetics
genetic and epigenetic effects
Health risk assessment
Internal Medicine
Mortality
Outdoor air quality
smoke-free legislation
Smoking cessation
thrombosis
tobacco cessation
Tobacco smoke
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Summary:Abstract Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as a result of inhaled tobacco products continues to be a global healthcare crisis, particularly in low- and middle-income nations lacking the infrastructure to develop and implement effective public health policies limiting tobacco use. Following initiation of public awareness campaigns 50 years ago in the United States, considerable success has been achieved in reducing the prevalence of cigarette smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke. However, there has been a slowing of cessation rates in the United States during recent years, possibly caused by high residual addiction or fatigue from cessation messaging. Furthermore, tobacco products have continued to evolve faster than the scientific understanding of their biological effects. This review considers selected updates on the genetics and epigenetics of smoking behavior and associated cardiovascular risk, mechanisms of atherogenesis and thrombosis, clinical effects of smoking and benefits of cessation, and potential impact of electronic cigarettes on cardiovascular health.
ISSN:0735-1097
1558-3597
DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.07.037