In situ Measurements of Oxygen Dynamics in Unsaturated Archaeological Deposits

Oxygen is a key parameter in the degradation of archaeological material, but little is known of its dynamics in situ. In this study, 10 optical oxygen sensors placed in a 2 m deep test pit in the cultural deposits at Bryggen in Bergen have monitored oxygen concentrations every half hour for more tha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archaeometry 2015-12, Vol.57 (6), p.1078-1094
Main Authors: Matthiesen, H., Hollesen, J., Dunlop, R., Seither, A., de Beer, J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bryggen
monitoring
Norway
Oxygen
unsaturated zone
urban deposits
water content
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Summary:Oxygen is a key parameter in the degradation of archaeological material, but little is known of its dynamics in situ. In this study, 10 optical oxygen sensors placed in a 2 m deep test pit in the cultural deposits at Bryggen in Bergen have monitored oxygen concentrations every half hour for more than a year. It is shown that there is a significant spatial and temporal variation in the oxygen concentration, which is correlated to measured soil characteristics, precipitation, soil water content and degradation of organic material. In these deposits oxygen typically occurs when the air content of the soil exceeds 10–15% vol, while oxygen dissolved in infiltrating rainwater is of less importance for the supply of oxygen in the unsaturated zone.
ISSN:0003-813X
1475-4754
DOI:10.1111/arcm.12148