Graphical Methods for Defense Against False-Data Injection Attacks on Power System State Estimation

The normal operation of power system relies on accurate state estimation that faithfully reflects the physical aspects of the electrical power grids. However, recent research shows that carefully synthesized false-data injection attacks can bypass the security system and introduce arbitrary errors t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on smart grid 2014-05, Vol.5 (3), p.1216-1227
Main Authors: Bi, Suzhi, Zhang, Ying Jun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Atmospheric measurements
Decision trees
False-data injection attack
graph algorithms
Observability
Power measurement
power system state estimation
Power systems
smart grid security
State estimation
Steiner trees
Transmission line measurements
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Summary:The normal operation of power system relies on accurate state estimation that faithfully reflects the physical aspects of the electrical power grids. However, recent research shows that carefully synthesized false-data injection attacks can bypass the security system and introduce arbitrary errors to state estimates. In this paper, we use graphical methods to study defending mechanisms against false-data injection attacks on power system state estimation. By securing carefully selected meter measurements, no false data injection attack can be launched to compromise any set of state variables. We characterize the optimal protection problem, which protects the state variables with minimum number of measurements, as a variant Steiner tree problem in a graph. Based on the graphical characterization, we propose both exact and reduced-complexity approximation algorithms. In particular, we show that the proposed tree-pruning based approximation algorithm significantly reduces computational complexity, while yielding negligible performance degradation compared with the optimal algorithms. The advantageous performance of the proposed defending mechanisms is verified in IEEE standard power system testcases.
ISSN:1949-3053
1949-3061
DOI:10.1109/TSG.2013.2294966