Multiple Exposures to Ascaris suum Induce Tissue Injury and Mixed Th2/Th17 Immune Response in Mice: e0004382

Ascaris spp. infection affects 800 million people worldwide, and half of the world population is currently at risk of infection. Recurrent reinfection in humans is mostly due to the simplicity of the parasite life cycle, but the impact of multiple exposures to the biology of the infection and the co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2016-01, Vol.10 (1)
Main Authors: Nogueira, Denise Silva, Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Pedro Henrique, Barbosa, Fernando Sérgio, Resende, Nathália Maria, Silva, Caroline Cavalcanti, Oliveira, Luciana Mariade, Amorim, Chiara CássiaOliveira, Oliveira, Fabrício MarcusSilva, Mattos, Matheus Silvério, Kraemer, Lucas Rocha, Caliari, Marcelo Vidigal, Gaze, Soraya, Bueno, Lilian Lacerda, Russo, Remo Castro, Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asthma
Biology
Immunology
Infections
Inflammation
Parasites
Pathogenesis
Studies
Tropical diseases
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Ascaris spp. infection affects 800 million people worldwide, and half of the world population is currently at risk of infection. Recurrent reinfection in humans is mostly due to the simplicity of the parasite life cycle, but the impact of multiple exposures to the biology of the infection and the consequences to the host's homeostasis are poorly understood. In this context, single and multiple exposures in mice were performed in order to characterize the parasitological, histopathological, tissue functional and immunological aspects of experimental larval ascariasis. The most important findings revealed that reinfected mice presented a significant reduction of parasite burden in the lung and an increase in the cellularity in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) associated with a robust granulocytic pulmonary inflammation, leading to a severe impairment of respiratory function. Moreover, the multiple exposures to Ascaris elicited an increased number of circulating inflammatory cells as well as production of higher levels of systemic cytokines, mainly IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and TNF-[alpha] when compared to single-infected animals. Taken together, our results suggest the intense pulmonary inflammation associated with a polarized systemic Th2/Th17 immune response are crucial to control larval migration after multiple exposures to Ascaris.
ISSN:1935-2727
1935-2735
DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004382