Multiple Pathogens Including Potential New Species in Tick Vectors in Côte d'Ivoire: e0004367

Background Our study aimed to assess the presence of different pathogens in ticks collected in two regions in Côte d'Ivoire. Methodology/Principal Findings Real-time PCR and standard PCR assays coupled to sequencing were used. Three hundred and seventy eight (378) ticks (170 Amblyomma variegatu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2016-01, Vol.10 (1)
Main Authors: Ehounoud, Cyrille Bilé, Yao, Kouassi Patrick, Dahmani, Mustapha, Achi, Yaba Louise, Amanzougaghene, Nadia, N'Douba, Adèle Kacou, N'Guessan, Jean David, Raoult, Didier, Fenollar, Florence, Mediannikov, Oleg
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal diseases
Arachnids
Bacteria
Fever
Genotypes
Infections
Lyme disease
Parasitic diseases
Pathogens
Rural areas
Tropical diseases
Vector-borne diseases
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Summary:Background Our study aimed to assess the presence of different pathogens in ticks collected in two regions in Côte d'Ivoire. Methodology/Principal Findings Real-time PCR and standard PCR assays coupled to sequencing were used. Three hundred and seventy eight (378) ticks (170 Amblyomma variegatum, 161 Rhipicepalus microplus, 3 Rhipicephalus senegalensis, 27 Hyalomma truncatum, 16 Hyalomma marginatum rufipes, and 1 Hyalomma impressum) were identified and analyzed. We identified as pathogenic bacteria, Rickettsia africae in Am. variegatum (90%), Rh. microplus (10%) and Hyalomma spp. (9%), Rickettsia aeschlimannii in Hyalomma spp. (23%), Rickettsia massiliae in Rh. senegalensis (33%) as well as Coxiella burnetii in 0.2%, Borrelia sp. in 0.2%, Anaplasma centrale in 0.2%, Anaplasma marginale in 0.5%, and Ehrlichia ruminantium in 0.5% of all ticks. Potential new species of Borrelia, Anaplasma, and Wolbachia were detected. Candidatus Borrelia africana and Candidatus Borrelia ivorensis (detected in three ticks) are phylogenetically distant from both the relapsing fever group and Lyme disease group borreliae; both were detected in Am. variegatum. Four new genotypes of bacteria from the Anaplasmataceae family were identified, namely Candidatus Anaplasma ivorensis (detected in three ticks), Candidatus Ehrlichia urmitei (in nine ticks), Candidatus Ehrlichia rustica (in four ticks), and Candidatus Wolbachia ivorensis (in one tick). Conclusions/Significance For the first time, we demonstrate the presence of different pathogens such as R. aeschlimannii, C. burnetii, Borrelia sp., A. centrale, A. marginale, and E. ruminantium in ticks in Côte d'Ivoire as well as potential new species of unknown pathogenicity.
ISSN:1935-2727
1935-2735
DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004367