Mouth cancer in inflammatory bowel diseases

Mouth cancer is a major health problem. Multiple risk factors for developing mouth cancer have been studied and include history of tobacco and alcohol abuse, age over 40, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, human papilloma virus infection (HPV), nutritional deficiencies, chronic irritation, and exist...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Oral diseases 2016-05, Vol.22 (4), p.260-264
Main Authors: Giagkou, E, Christodoulou, DK, Katsanos, KH
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
azathioprine
biological therapy
Candidiasis, Oral - epidemiology
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections - epidemiology
Health risk assessment
Human papillomavirus
Humans
immunosuppressant
Immunosuppressive Agents - adverse effects
Inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - drug therapy
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - epidemiology
Mouth
mouth cancer
Mouth Neoplasms - diagnosis
Mouth Neoplasms - epidemiology
Mouth Neoplasms - therapy
mouth precancerous lesions
Oral cancer
Papillomavirus Infections - epidemiology
Precancerous Conditions - epidemiology
Risk Factors
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Summary:Mouth cancer is a major health problem. Multiple risk factors for developing mouth cancer have been studied and include history of tobacco and alcohol abuse, age over 40, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, human papilloma virus infection (HPV), nutritional deficiencies, chronic irritation, and existence or oral potentially malignant lesions such as leukoplakia and lichen planus. An important risk factor for mouth cancer is chronic immunosuppression and has been extensively reported after solid organ transplantation as well as HIV‐infected patients. Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not yet considered as a risk factor for oral cancer development. However, a significant number of patients with IBD are receiving immunosuppressants and biological therapies which could represent potential oral oncogenic factors either by direct oncogenic effect or by continuous immunosuppression favoring carcinogenesis, especially in patients with HPV(+) IBD. Education on modifiable risk behaviors in patients with IBD is the cornerstone of prevention of mouth cancer. Oral screening should be performed for all patients with IBD, especially those who are about to start an immunosuppressant or a biologic.
ISSN:1354-523X
1601-0825
DOI:10.1111/odi.12420