Efficacy of Five Herbicides for Weed Control in Rain-Fed Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

• Published in: Weed technology 2016-04, Vol.30 (2), p.448-455
• Main Authors: Ahmadi, Abdol Reza, Shahbazi, Saeed, Diyanat, Marjan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Agriculture; Biomass; Broadleaf weeds; Experiments; Field tests; Growing seasons; Hand weeding; herbicide; Herbicides; Legumes; Lentils; Pendimethalin; phytotoxicity; Precipitation; Rain; Seasons; Soil organic matter; Sustainable agriculture; weed biomass, weed density; Weed control; WEED MANAGEMENT—OTHER CROPS/AREAS; Weeds
• ISSN: 0890-037X; 1550-2740
• DOI: 10.1614/WT-D-15-00125.1

Lentil is vulnerable to weed competition because of its short stature, slow establishment, and limited vegetative growth. Although the vast majority of lentil production is under rain-fed conditions, there is a little published information on weed control with herbicides in rain-fed lentils. Field experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of nine herbicide treatments including fomesafen, imazethapyr, linuron, pendimethalin, and pyridate alone or in combination compared with one or two hand weeding(s) on weed control and yield response in rain-fed lentil in Khorramabad, Iran in 2012 and 2013. Weed species included catchweed bedstraw, cowcockle, haresear mustard, hoary cress, wild mustard, and wild safflower. Total weed dry biomass in weedy check plots averaged 156 and 170 g m−2 in 2012 and 2013, respectively, and weed density and biomass were reduced in all treatments compared to the weedy check in both years. Plots that were hand weeded twice reduced weed biomass the greatest, whereas fomesafen, linuron, or one hand weeding did not control weeds satisfactorily. Noncontrolled weeds reduced lentil yield by 67% both years compared to the weed-free control. Lentil yield in 2013 (1,370 kg ha−1) was higher than in 2012 (1,150 kg ha−1). All herbicides tested injured lentil slightly, with pyridate (1,200 g ai ha−1) and pendimethalin (660 g ai ha−1 plus imazethapyr at 250 to 500 g ai ha−1) causing the least injury. Across all treatments, imazethapyr plus pendimethalin PRE, pyridate POST, and two hand-weeding treatments had the best performance for weed control and lentil yield. Nomenclature: Fomesafen; imazethapyr; linuron; pendimethalin; pyridate; catchweed bedstraw, Galium aparine L.; cowcockle, Vaccaria hispanica (P. Mill.) Rauschert; haresear mustard, Conringia orientalis (L.) Dumort; hoary cress, Cardaria draba (L.) Desv.; wild mustard, Sinapis arvensis L.; wild safflower, Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieb.; lentil, Lens culinaris Medic. ‘Mardom'. La lenteja es vulnerable a la competencia con las malezas debido a su corta altura, lento establecimiento, y crecimiento vegetativo limitado. Aunque la vasta mayoría de producción de lenteja se encuentra bajo condiciones de secano, existe poca información publicada acerca del control de malezas con herbicidas en lenteja de secano. Se realizaron experimentos de campo para determinar la eficacia de nueve tratamientos con herbicidas incluyendo fomesafen, imazethapyr, linuron, pendimethalin, y pyridate solos o en c