Elastostatic effects around a magma reservoir and pathway due to historic earthquakes: a case study of Mt. Fuji, Japan

We discuss elastostatic effects on Mt. Fuji, the tallest volcano in Japan, due to historic earthquakes in Japan. The 1707 Hoei eruption, which was the most explosive historic eruption of Mt. Fuji, occurred 49 days after the Hoei earthquake (Mw 8.7) along the Nankai Trough. It was previously suggeste...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Progress in earth and planetary science 2016-10, Vol.3 (1), p.1, Article 33
Main Authors: Hosono, Masaki, Mitsui, Yuta, Ishibashi, Hidemi, Kataoka, Jun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
4. Solid earth sciences
Atmospheric Sciences
Biogeosciences
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Earthquakes
Geophysics/Geodesy
Hydrogeology
Magma
Planetology
Reservoirs
Seismic activity
Strain
Volcanic eruptions
Volcanoes
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Summary:We discuss elastostatic effects on Mt. Fuji, the tallest volcano in Japan, due to historic earthquakes in Japan. The 1707 Hoei eruption, which was the most explosive historic eruption of Mt. Fuji, occurred 49 days after the Hoei earthquake (Mw 8.7) along the Nankai Trough. It was previously suggested that the Hoei earthquake induced compression of a basaltic magma reservoir and unclamping of a dike-intruded region at depth, possibly triggering magma mixing and the subsequent Plinian eruption. Here, we show that the 1707 Hoei earthquake was a special case of induced volumetric strain and normal stress changes around the magma reservoir and pathway of Mt. Fuji. The 2011 Tohoku earthquake (Mw 9), along the Japan Trench, dilated the magma reservoir. It has been proposed that dilation of a magma reservoir drives the ascent of gas bubbles with magma and further depressurization, leading to a volcanic eruption. In fact, seismicity notably increased around Mt. Fuji during the first month after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, even when we statistically exclude aftershocks, but the small amount of strain change (
ISSN:2197-4284
2197-4284
DOI:10.1186/s40645-016-0110-9