Surface application of ammonium thiosulfate fertilizer to reduce volatilization of 1,3-dichloropropene from soil

• Published in: Pest management science 2000-03, Vol.56 (3), p.264-270
• Main Authors: Gan, Jianying, Becker, J Ole, Ernst, Frederick F, Hutchinson, Chad, Knuteson, James A, Yates, Scott R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 1,3‐D; 1,3‐dichloropropene; 3-D; 3-dichloropropene; ammonium thiosulfate; Biological and medical sciences; Chemical control; Control; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Meloidogyne incognita; nematicide; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; Protozoa. Invertebrates; root-knot nematode; soil fumigation; Tylenchulus semipenetrans; volatilization
• ISSN: 1526-498X; 1526-4998
• DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1526-4998(200003)56:3<264::AID-PS136>3.0.CO;2-X

Atmospheric emission of the soil fumigant 1,3‐dichloropropene (1,3‐D) is of environmental concern because of its toxicity and carcinogenicity. Thiosulfate fertilizers have been found to rapidly transform 1,3‐D in soil to non‐volatile ions which are less toxic. We investigated the use of surface application of ammonium thiosulfate (ATS) for reducing 1,3‐D volatilization. In packed soil columns, emission of 1,3‐D applied by sub‐surface injection decreased with increasing ATS application rate and the amount of water used for delivering ATS. When ATS was applied in 9 mm water at 64 g m−2, total 1,3‐D emission was reduced by 61%. The reduction was 89% when ATS was applied at 193 g m−2. Bioassays showed that ATS application did not affect the effectiveness of 1,3‐D for controlling citrus nematodes. In field plots where a 1,3‐D emulsified formulation was applied via sub‐surface drip, surface spray of ATS reduced 1,3‐D emissions by 50%, and by 71% when the surface was also covered with polyethylene film. ATS application had no effect on the efficacy of root‐knot nematode control or tomato yields. These results suggest that surface application of thiosulfate fertilizers may be a feasible and effective strategy for minimizing 1,3‐D emissions. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry